The numerical control programming personnel must master the knowledge related to the numerical control processing content, including the numerical control processing principle, the numerical control machine tool and its principle, the machine coordinate system, the numerical control program structure and the common numerical control instructions and so on.
NC machining process analysis and planning will affect the machining quality and machining efficiency of CNC machining. Therefore, NC machining process analysis and planning is the core content of NC programming. It mainly includes the division and planning of the processing area, the choice of the tool path and the cutting mode, the setting of the tool and the mechanical parameters, and the setting of the processing parameters.
CNC machine program programming methods are manual programming and automatic programming two.
Manual programming is a method by which the programmer directly completes the part drawing process analysis, process and data processing, calculates and writes the NC program, and enters the NC program to verify the entire process. Manual programming is very suitable for NC programming of parts with less complicated geometry and less computational programs. Relatively speaking, the manual programming of NC programs is short and the workload of programming is less. Therefore, manual programming is widely used in point-shaped machining with simple shapes and plane contour processing consisting of straight lines and circular arcs.
Automatic programming is a method of using computer-aided programming techniques. It uses specialized computer numerical control programming software to process the geometric information of the part and to automatically calculate the position of the NC machining tool. For complex parts, especially machining surfaces with non-circular curvilinear surfaces, or the geometry of the part is not complicated, but the programming workload is very large, or parts that require complicated process and process processing, due to these parts In the process of programming and processing, numerical calculation is very tedious and the program is very large. If manual programming is used, it often takes a lot of time, is inefficient, has a high error rate, or even cannot be completed. In this case, automatic programming must be used.
The widely used automatic programming is CAD/CAM graphic interactive automatic programming. The features of the CAD/CAM graphic automatic programming system use the CAD software's graphic editing function to draw the part's geometry onto the computer and define and display it in the graphical interactive mode. And edit, get the geometric model of the part; then call the CAM numerical control programming template, use the human-computer interaction to define the geometry, create the machining coordinate system, define the tool, specify the processed part, input the corresponding processing parameters, and determine the tool relative to the part surface The movement method determines the processing parameters, generates the feed trajectory, and generates the NC machining program after the post-processing. The whole process is generally completed in the context of computer graphics interaction, with the advantages of image, intuitive and efficient.
The high-quality CNC machining program stems from careful and detailed technical feasibility analysis, overall process planning and CNC machining process design.
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