At present, after more than 10 years of efforts by Chinese parts and components companies and Bosch and Delphi internationally renowned parts and components companies operating in China, China's spare parts supply system already has a high level of supporting capabilities and development capabilities, plus some parts and components are implemented. With regard to international procurement, the Chinese automobile industry is fully capable of developing national cars with independent intellectual property rights, strong international competitiveness, and high localization rates through the introduction of foreign technologies and talents. The successful launch of the Chinese car has already proved this point.
Apart from a few companies, China's domestically produced car parts have low technical content, are not stable enough in quality, and have high prices, causing many auto companies to have the idea of ​​global spare parts procurement several years ago. However, due to China's higher import tariffs, this idea cannot be truly realized. After becoming a member of the WTO, China’s average tariff on auto parts will be reduced from 37.8% to 10%, and the possibility of global procurement will become a reality. The auto parts industry has begun to effectively accept the international market. .
Domestic and foreign parts industry supply matching gap
　　 1. The gap in production and supply methods
The revolutionary changes have taken place in the production and supply of auto parts products in the world. At the 1999 SAE annual meeting, Delphi, Bosch, and Weston presented epoch-making challenges to the traditional model of production and supply. This is also a revolution in the automotive assembly industry. The establishment of modularization and the promotion of the “ready-to-install†assembly concept has had a positive impact on improving the operational efficiency of the automotive industry, reducing production costs and increasing market competitiveness. This type of production is used by some auto parts suppliers and automakers. For example, the "Mercedes" M-Class SUV cockpit produced in 1998 in the US state of Alabama was supplied in a modular manner. By Delphi, 140 kinds of components from 35 suppliers in 6 countries are combined into various types of cockpit supply manufacturers, and the time taken from order taking to the installation site is 120 minutes.
At present, the small-scale modular supply mode of China's auto parts industry has begun to be used in some enterprises, and the modular supply mode is in its infancy in China.
2. The gap in the matching relationship There are fundamental differences between domestic and foreign companies in the matching relationship between auto parts companies and automobile manufacturers. In foreign countries, the relationship between automakers and OEM companies is entirely based on the laws of market economy. This depends on the consistency of the two goals, namely, market maximization and profit maximization. Under this premise, as long as the price is fair, the technical standards are up to standard, the quality is reliable, and the service is in place, the cooperation between the two can be concluded.
In our country, it is often influenced by factors such as affiliation and regional division. As a result, major groups in all regions have their own groups of auto parts supporting companies, which has caused little change in the phenomenon of “scattered spreads†in auto parts companies.
The Status Quo of the Parts Purchase System Management of Several Auto Group in China
This year, FAW, Dongfeng, SAIC's three major automotive groups have implemented a "drawing the next check" strategy, and the structural adjustment of the procurement system: that is, according to product characteristics, the supporting enterprise is divided into the module layer, component layer and part layer. Reorganizing the existing thousands of suppliers into three levels: module level, component level, and part level. The supply must first determine which level it belongs to and which component it belongs to. Which module team system pays attention to the close communication with the companies in the same system.FAW Group is considering becoming a regional manufacturing center through the use of spare parts as part of the global automotive industry system in the next few years. They intend to cooperate with the world's largest companies to build a production base of auto parts with an annual output of more than one million units in Changchun or other parts of China, and provide them to automakers in the Asia Pacific region or other regions.
The Dongfeng Motor Group will use its mainframe to bring parts and components to host and promote the accelerated integration of parts and components companies. Dongfeng Group is willing to cooperate with other companies in auto parts, and at the same time, it will break the blockade of the parts and components supporting systems of the major domestic groups, expand cooperation, share existing achievements, and increase economic scale.
SAIC Group will timely conduct a new round of reorganization of parts and components companies in the group to form six major parts systems, namely chassis systems, power transmission systems, air conditioning systems, electrical electrical systems, body lighting, and interior and exterior trim systems and systems. Forging heat processing system. Its purpose is to highlight the core business and technology of the Group's parts and components industry. Under conditions of mature conditions, it focuses on reorganization and structural adjustment of air-conditioning systems, electronic and electrical systems and related companies of interior and exterior trim systems: to form competitive System company.
Beiqi Group introduced ordinary Cherokee models 10 years ago. At that time, China’s auto parts production enterprises were lagging behind. In order to meet the requirements of the state’s industrial policies, Beijing Jeep can only compromise and sacrifice. In order to ensure the quality of production of Grand Cherokee in Beijing Jeep, Beijing Jeep selected parts suppliers strictly and upgraded all the collaboration plants, eliminating more than 30 qualified parts suppliers. The selection of parts suppliers was strictly controlled by the original The production plant is the top three in the joint venture plant in China and the domestic auto parts industry. Beijing Hyundai is using Beijing's spare parts enterprises to increase employment.
China Volkswagen: Now the zero-pay price is 20%-40% higher than the international market; the purchase cost is reduced by 30% within 5 years; the supplier must reduce the price by at least 8%-10% every year; the global procurement is announced in 2000; as an incentive, it can meet the requirements The suppliers will be incorporated into the Volkswagen Global Sourcing System; the suppliers of Shanghai Volkswagen and FAW-Volkswagen will be integrated.
China General Motors: Global procurement began at the beginning of its establishment; priority was given to domestic suppliers who could meet the requirements; help improve domestic suppliers' matching and R&D capabilities; and domestic suppliers meeting the requirements were included in the global procurement network.
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