This matter of lightning protection seems to be quite far away from ordinary citizens. In addition to building construction units, most people rarely come into contact with it. However, lightning accidents are related to everyone in every building. Therefore, according to the regulations, lightning protection devices need to be installed on almost all buildings. Then, the problem has arisen. After installation of these devices, a test report is required. Otherwise, the building cannot be completed and accepted. For many years, those that have the qualification for testing are the testing institutions that are affiliated with the Bureau of Meteorology.
In June, the arrival of the thunderstorm season. Meteorological lightning protection has recently been fired very hot. Over 10 million yuan a year in Jiangsu Suqian's “explosion-proof and disaster-relief†meteorological technology service charges, once again arguing over the “monopoly of lightning protection detection†problem that has been arguing for many years, has once again pushed the cusp. Immediately afterwards, on May 26, the China Meteorological Administration issued the "Circular on Cancelling the First Batch of Administrative Approval Intermediary Services", canceling four administrative approval intermediary services such as "Ripple Assessment for Lightning Disasters" and "Lightning Protection Products Testing". matter.
The release of the lightning protection market is a general trend. "Now at the national level, specific measures are being formulated, and this year may be released," the source said. Some analysts believe that for meteorology, this is a beginning; it will also be a new starting point for the decentralization and reform of many other public spheres. A construction unit tells
100,000 square meters building inspection fee is more than 100,000 normal
Xu Zhong (a pseudonym) is a construction company staff. He said that in terms of Jinan, in addition to the neighboring counties and counties, there are three approved and qualified organizations for the Meteorological Bureau to choose from. One is the Lightning Protection Technology Center of Shandong Province and the second is the Lightning Protection Technology Center of Changqing District of Jinan City. It is a center for atmospheric detection technology protection of the Shandong Meteorological Bureau (the current one has not been changed to a testing agency in Tai'an).
When it comes to lightning protection, he will sign an agreement with one of them. The general content is that the other party will carry out technical evaluation of lightning protection design drawings for the project, and lightning protection devices will be tested and accepted. “Commonly speaking, before construction, they are responsible for lightning protection in design drawings to see if there are any unreasonable places; during construction, they will perform segment inspection at some nodes, such as 'positive and negative zero', 'top cap', etc. After the completion of the project, they will have to issue an acceptance report," he said. Without this report, the completion of the building could not be accepted.
According to the "Reconsideration of the Shandong Provincial Price Bureau on the Issues Related to the Charges for the Protection of Thunder-fighting and Disaster Reduction Technologies (Ro-Hui Feijian [2013] No. 81)" implemented on October 1, 2013, according to the construction of new, reconstructed and expanded buildings. Area, lightning protection design drawings audited 0.1 yuan per square meter, plus lightning protection device construction quality and completion acceptance test 0.9 yuan per square meter, of which one or two additional 25%. “This is not a small number. Newly constructed plots range from more than 100,000 square meters to hundreds of thousands of square meters, and even millions of square meters. It only takes a lot of testing to detect them.†said Xu Zhong, and there are thunder and lightning surges. Protector (also known as arrester, suitable for surge protection requirements in the family, the tertiary industry and industry, general building distribution cabinet design) detection, a 100 yuan, "a more than 10 million square meters In the community, it is normal to test two or three hundred units, and two or thirty thousand will be spent."
Xu Zhong's friend Zhang Xin (a pseudonym) is also a dry construction. The project he was responsible for was based on the above tests. He also made a "lightning risk assessment". This is related to the amount of investment. They spent more than 10 million yuan, or after the discount. According to regulations, this assessment is generally required for large-scale construction projects, key projects, explosive and fire hazardous environments, and personnel-intensive locations.
Zhang Xin said that some prices are sometimes negotiable, but most of them are hard. "If the testing market is opened up, there are many organizations involved, and there is no support behind the 'cap', we will be more courageous in terms of bargaining, service quality requirements," he said.
Expectation of a thunder and lightning protection company
"At present, there are nearly 10 million Jinan markets, with even greater potential in the future."
Compared with Xu Zhong and Zhang Xin, these construction companies, Zheng Li (a pseudonym), the head of a lightning protection company in Jinan, has a stronger desire to open up the market. "On May 26th, I read the notice about canceling the four approvals. I wrote down the first batch. I guess there will be a second batch and a third batch..." Zheng Li elaborated on the meaning of the words and speculated that The direction of the policy.
After working in Jinan for many years, Zheng Li's company has lightning protection design and construction qualifications. "We are professional lightning protection." He said that everyone's lightning rod, in fact, the scientific name is called a lightning rod to receive a small needle. It plays a role in that when lightning currents come down, it picks up the lightning, and then the lightning is transmitted through the pilot line to the earth and transmitted to the so-called ground-net, thereby protecting the safety of people and equipment inside buildings and buildings.
At present, some of the building's lightning protection work is based on the civil engineering level. The construction unit has done it on its own. For example, processing or buying some finished galvanized steel bars, making lightning rods, putting a circle on the roof, and then using the line through the main structure of the building to lead it to the ground. What professional companies do is comprehensive protection, such as the protection of buildings, electrical appliances, and intelligent equipment. Another example is the complex lightning protection of the engine room, information system, power, communications, petrochemical, etc. They have to do from design to construction.
“We still have one piece, that is, product sales, such as surge protectors.†Zheng Li believes that some lightning protection companies are now relatively mature and have extensive experience in installing lightning rods, lightning protection belts, and surge protection devices. Operation of the grounding power tester, etc., will reduce the cost and improve the service quality after the test market is released. This is also a relentless process that will further stimulate the vitality and competitiveness of this piece of design and construction.
He also hopes to get a piece of cake from the testing of the market. "We now have this advantage. The key is to see how the policy is built into the access mechanism."
He and a few friends had made a rough estimate. “Currently, Changqing, Pingyin, Jiyang, Shanghe and Zhangqiu all have testing centers, but apart from Changqing, they also participate in the urban areas. The others are only on their own. In that area, the total number of calculations is estimated to be no more than 10 million yuan a year, which is similar to Jiangsu Suqian, but it is the provincial capital, and people are a prefecture-level city. Therefore, the market has great potential. "For the data, a related person said "approximately the same."
Experts say that the reform of public safety is just a beginning
"Involving reforms in the field of public security, the weather should be just a beginning. According to the policy signals released earlier, many projects including civil air defense and fire protection will deepen reforms in the future." Wang Jinan, Institute of Economic Research, Jinan Academy of Social Sciences In the same field of public safety, inspections in the areas of construction, fire control, and public health in Zhejiang Province have already entered the market. Since 2006, more than 200 private enterprises have obtained qualifications for construction inspections and more than 100 companies have obtained Fire engineering inspection qualifications, 25 companies have obtained public health engineering inspection qualifications.
The State Council has recently introduced the “Work Program for Promoting the Integration of Government Administration, Decentralization, Restriction, and Integration of Government Affairs in 2015†and clearly stated that advancement of charge collection reforms should be promoted, government administrative charges for providing general public services should be abolished, and clean-up regulations should be mandatory and monopolistic. To collect fees, no matter within the scope of government responsibilities may be handed over to public institutions or intermediary organizations to bear and collect fees, and the list of charges shall be administered.
Wang Zheng believes that this is a demarcation line for the government, and it also loosens the institutions and enterprises. Outside of the list of rights, the release must be placed on the list of responsibilities, and the management of the control must be managed. Such a market can be orderly and dynamic. The economic cake can also be made more full, more detailed, and more distributed. For example, in South Korea, the detection of lightning protection equipment is not only done by large-scale research institutes but also by private companies. The competition is fierce. In order to compete, there are even companies that provide users with a ceiling of 1 billion won (equivalent to 5.7 million yuan) to 3 billion won in lightning product insurance. With the improvement of the Korean community's awareness of lightning protection, many high-rise buildings, chemical plants, etc. will also commission relevant agencies and companies to conduct regular precision lightning detection according to their own needs.
In addition, there are professionals who believe that for lightning protection, not only design, installation, testing, but also the issue of regular maintenance later. All these require market intervention to develop and upgrade. They also require the supervision and supervision of the government departments.
Opening up the market is a trend for "private enterprises" to enter the country yet to be approached
For the release of the lightning detection market, the relevant person in charge of the Department of Policy and Law of the Meteorological Administration said that this is definitely a major trend.
At present, the China Meteorological Administration is accelerating the development of the "Administrative Measures for the Qualification of Lightning Protection Devices" and other work. After the “Measures†are promulgated, they will strictly formulate relevant qualification certification procedures and implementation rules for the province, and carry out relevant work such as qualification recognition. There are three aspects of this work to be done: First, orderly release. Let more enterprises participate in competition according to law, stimulate market vitality, and promote market development. They will better fulfill their responsibility for supervision of lightning protection services; second, strengthen daily supervision and process supervision, establish publicity systems and exit mechanisms; third, guide industry self-regulation, Such as the establishment of trade associations.
The person in charge said that currently there are nearly 30 testing institutions in Shandong, all of which are public institutions. In the future, more organizations will participate. “In addition to testing these, these institutions also undertake many public welfare issues including early-warning forecasting, popular science research, basic research and analysis, and so on, which can account for more than half.â€
As for the Notice on Cancelling the First Batch of Administrative Approving Intermediary Services Issued on May 26, which was of great concern to all of you, the person in charge also gave a detailed explanation. They have asked the meteorological department of the province to revise the contents of the administrative license sites and service guides publicized by the unit's meteorological website and implement the "Notice." He said that the "Lightning Protection Product Test" mentioned in the "Notice" is not a concept with the current one-hundred-per-thousand-per-meter surge protection test fee approved by the price department. It refers to a sample test conducted by test centers in Beijing, Shanghai, etc. before the product was moved to the market. Shandong has never had such a charge. The current surge protector inspection fee refers to the inspection after installation.
As for the “Risk Assessment of Lightning Disastersâ€, referred to as “Ray Assessmentâ€, not all buildings do. According to the “Measures for the Prevention and Mitigation of Disaster Prevention and Mitigation,†some large-scale projects, key projects, flammable explosives, and personnel-intensive locations will be required. As for the proportion of “reviews†conducted in Shandong for one year, the official said that he does not have the actual data yet, but in 2014, it was about 10%-15%. "Shandong's current charging standards are at a low level in the country," he said. The temperature is over 22°C and the beer is selling well. At a temperature of 1°C, the beer sells 2.3 million bottles.
How much do you know about the "meteorological economy" worth ten billion?
“What is the best realm of reform? With the reform of administrative approval, there will be a new economic form. There will be a new path of reform and new economic growth points will emerge.†Director of Institute of Economic Development, Municipal Academy of Social Sciences Mentioned "meteorological economy". In his view, the current reform of the administrative examination and approval is far from being able to “detect the bottom†by enhancing the vitality of testing the market.
According to the "Bloomberg Business Weekly" report, China currently does not have a private commercial weather company. Meteorological services have always been monopolized by government agencies. If they can be liberalized, they may bring a blank market worth 10 billion yuan.
What is the meteorological economy? The release of lightning detection market? The increase in design and construction companies is far from this.
When the temperature exceeds 22 degrees Celsius, the beer begins to sell well. When the temperature rises by 1 degree Celsius, the large bottled beer will sell 2.3 million bottles a day. The German meteorological company developed the "Beer Index." In addition, there are travel index, ice cream index, swimwear index, food mildew index, etc., businesses can be based on this in advance to develop production and marketing plans.
At different times of the day and in different weather, what kind of products sell best? The retail industry is an industry that looks at the weather. The temperature differs by two or three degrees Celsius, and the sales of certain commodities will differ by a factor of two. Therefore, many stores in Japan will customize the precise weather so that they can accurately order, reduce inventory, and increase sales.
Climate change has affected the coffee crop. Some coffee operations need to be prepared in advance according to weather conditions, such as giving incentives to farmers who take extra measures to prevent soil erosion in ecologically vulnerable areas.
Here are some examples closer to us. When the weather is cool, many people respond by adding clothes. Therefore, in many stores, summer clothes are madly discounted, while autumn clothing is a full-scale debut. For several days of continuous rainfall, vegetable picking will be affected, causing prices to rise slightly. Maybe the weather forecast will tell you that the rain will stop in a few days and the vegetable prices will fall back...
In addition to agriculture that depends on heaven for food, aviation, navigation, commercial retail, express logistics, construction, etc. are all very sensitive to the weather.
In fact, weather service is a big industry. The United States and Japan are the best countries in the world for the development of commercial meteorological services and have produced many of the world’s top commercial meteorological service companies. For example, the weather economic consulting company provides services for enterprises, mainly providing forecasting and consulting, weather risk coefficient analysis system and commodity sales forecasting analysis; secondly, it provides media services to provide weather information; thirdly, it mainly focuses on weather risk management. Including risk assessments, actuarial weather insurance, weather-derived commodities, etc. There are 500 such consulting companies in the United States and 80 in Japan.
The development of China's meteorological economy is still in its infancy. For example, the well-known weather product is ink weather, a weather application. As of June 2014, its installed capacity has reached 270 million, ranking the first in the Chinese market with over 50% of weather apps. In Shanghai, weather brokers have also been responsible for bringing personalised meteorological products that have undergone deep processing to companies and sending them to every corner of the market.
According to related data, there is a well-known Delphi Meteorological Law in the economics community, that is, companies investing 1 yuan in weather forecasting can obtain economic benefits of 98 yuan. Currently, in Shanghai, the annual output value of meteorological economy has reached tens of millions of yuan. It is a large number of shopping malls and supermarkets that spend money to purchase weather-related traffic companies and large-scale projects.
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