Soil moisture monitoring and advance forecasting has played a very important role in agricultural production, especially in arid and dry areas. Agricultural water use is limited. How to maximize the use of water resources for efficient irrigation can not only improve agricultural economic benefits, but also Provide a solid grassroots for sustainable agricultural development. The monitoring of soil moisture can be recorded and monitored by a soil moisture temperature recorder. What are the steps for recording and monitoring soil moisture?
(1) Collect data. It was initially determined that loam soils with summer maize and winter wheat as typical planting crops on the field scale were the research objects. Select a typical soil moisture observation and test station to collect meteorological, hydrological environment, soil, crops, irrigation, and water; at the same time, use water-saving test sites to measure pits, fields, and ecological laboratory monitoring equipment to formulate monitoring programs to monitor weather in real time. Soil moisture, groundwater level, rainfall and other factors.
(2) According to the collected data, analyze the time course of water changes, focus on analyzing the process of water growth and retreat, and explore its correlation with the previous soil moisture, rainfall, irrigation, evapotranspiration, and groundwater recharge.
(3) Analyze and calculate each input and output item in the soil water balance equation and rate the corresponding parameters, and focus on the key parameters and their determination methods in each balanced item calculation method.
The calculation and prediction of crop evapotranspiration is an important part of the soil moisture forecasting model, and it is also a difficult point in this study. The crop evapotranspiration forecasting model is established in four steps. On the basis of field experiments, combined with the actual conditions of the Yellow River irrigation area, study the rules of regression and growth of soil moisture, and discuss the determination methods of key parameters such as meteorological factors, crop types, soil properties, effective rainfall, and groundwater recharge in the water forecast model. The water forecasting model applied to the management of the lower reaches of the Yellow River provides technical support for water allocation in farmland, irrigation management in irrigation areas, and fine scheduling of basin water resources.
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