In order to ease the pressure on crude oil imports, China began pilot development of fuel ethanol in 2002. The state has successively approved the establishment of four fuel ethanol fixed-point manufacturing enterprises including Anhui Fengyuan Group, and completed vehicle use in areas such as Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liao. Ethanol pilot promotion. However, at present domestic fuel ethanol production must adopt the process route of taking grain as raw material, causing the society to worry about the food security risk due to this alternative energy model, and the high cost will make it difficult for fuel ethanol to be completely marketized.
For this reason, after being approved as a designated manufacturer of fuel ethanol in 2002, the Fengyuan Group has begun to fully implement innovations in the raw materials and related technologies required for fuel ethanol production. The main direction of the attack is set on the production of ethanol using straw as raw material. . They developed the process of separation and fermentation, and cooperated with relevant universities and scientific research institutes in China to conduct systematic engineering research. After the collaborative research, the National Engineering Center of Fermin Group's Fermentation Technology finally succeeded in breaking through the two major technical bottlenecks of straw-based fuel ethanol, namely the series development of cellulose hydrolase and the development of strains used in the five-carbon sugar fermentation technology project. The test results show that 1 ton of fuel ethanol can be produced for every 4 tons of corn stalks, wheat straw, etc. If calculated by 400 yuan per ton of straw, the total cost of production and processing will be more than 300 yuan per ton per metric ton of corn converted to fuel ethanol, which has strong market competitiveness. Moreover, China's straw resources are extremely rich. The total annual output is no less than one billion tons of dry matter, and conversion to fuel ethanol is equivalent to more than 300 million tons of oil equivalent. Due to the large crop yield and difficult storage during the harvest season, many areas are currently disposed of on-site, which wastes energy and causes environmental pollution.
It is reported that Fengyuan Group will use this technology to process and transform agricultural non-edible products, and its industrial pilot plant will be put into operation in the first half of this year.
U tube heat exchanger is suitable for the large temperature difference between tube side and shell side. The shell side media is easy to scale and needs cleaning, while the tube side media is clean and not easy to scale. It is also suitable for high temperature, high pressure, fluid corrosive working conditions.
Each heat exchange tube is bent into U-shape, the two ends are fixed in the upper and lower areas of the same Tube Sheet, and divided into two chambers of inlet and outlet with the partition in the tube box. This kind of heat exchanger completely eliminates the thermal stress, the structure is simpler than the floating type, but the tube side is not easy to clean.
The number of tubes is small, the utilization of the tube sheet is not frequent, and the shell side fluid is easy to short circuiting, which is unfavorable to heat transfer. If there is a leak or damage in the tube, the external U-tube can be replaced, while the broken inner tube can not be replaced, only plugged, and one broken U-tube means two broken, so the U-tube easily scrapped.
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