Geological disasters refer to disaster events that cause the geological environment to deteriorate due to natural geological processes and human geological processes, and cause damage to human life and property or damage to resources and environment on which humans depend. It mainly includes the following types:
  First, the debris flow
It is a geological disaster between running water and landslide. A typical debris flow consists of a viscous slurry suspended with coarse solid debris and rich in silt and clay . Under appropriate topographic conditions, a large amount of water infiltrates solid deposits in hillsides or gullies, and they move under their own gravity, forming a debris flow. Debris flow is a disastrous geological phenomenon. Debris flows often burst out suddenly, and they are fierce. They can carry huge stones and move at high speed. They have powerful energy and are extremely destructive.
Second, the crack
It is a common danger in dike projects, and it is sometimes a precursor to other dangers (landslides, bank collapses, etc.). Moreover, due to its existence, floods or rainwater are easy to invade the embankment, which often causes other dangers, especially lateral cracks, which often cause permeation damage of the embankment body and even more serious consequences.
  Third, landslide
It refers to the action and phenomenon of a part of the rock on the slope moving under the action of gravity (including the gravity of the rock itself and the dynamic and static pressure of the groundwater) along a certain weak structural surface (band) and moving downwards as a whole.
Fourth, the ground collapse
It refers to a geological phenomenon in which the surface rock and the soil body collapse under the action of natural or human factors and form a collapse pit (hole) on the ground. When this happens in areas with human activities, it can become a geological disaster. The main reasons for the collapse can be divided into two categories: natural collapse and artificial collapse. The former is caused by the influence of natural factors such as earthquakes, rainfall, and self-weight, and the latter is the ground collapse caused by human action. In these two categories, it can be divided into many types according to specific factors, such as earthquake collapse, mine mining collapse and so on.
  First, the debris flow
It is a geological disaster between running water and landslide. A typical debris flow consists of a viscous slurry suspended with coarse solid debris and rich in silt and clay . Under appropriate topographic conditions, a large amount of water infiltrates solid deposits in hillsides or gullies, and they move under their own gravity, forming a debris flow. Debris flow is a disastrous geological phenomenon. Debris flows often burst out suddenly, and they are fierce. They can carry huge stones and move at high speed. They have powerful energy and are extremely destructive.
Second, the crack
It is a common danger in dike projects, and it is sometimes a precursor to other dangers (landslides, bank collapses, etc.). Moreover, due to its existence, floods or rainwater are easy to invade the embankment, which often causes other dangers, especially lateral cracks, which often cause permeation damage of the embankment body and even more serious consequences.
  Third, landslide
It refers to the action and phenomenon of a part of the rock on the slope moving under the action of gravity (including the gravity of the rock itself and the dynamic and static pressure of the groundwater) along a certain weak structural surface (band) and moving downwards as a whole.
Fourth, the ground collapse
It refers to a geological phenomenon in which the surface rock and the soil body collapse under the action of natural or human factors and form a collapse pit (hole) on the ground. When this happens in areas with human activities, it can become a geological disaster. The main reasons for the collapse can be divided into two categories: natural collapse and artificial collapse. The former is caused by the influence of natural factors such as earthquakes, rainfall, and self-weight, and the latter is the ground collapse caused by human action. In these two categories, it can be divided into many types according to specific factors, such as earthquake collapse, mine mining collapse and so on.
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