Research on High Speed ​​Cutting Database Technology

1 INTRODUCTION Metal cutting is one of the main processing methods for forming parts and plays an important role in the machinery manufacturing industry. In the past two decades, with the continuous development of CNC machining technology and cutting tool manufacturing technology, the theoretical research on high-speed cutting technology has continued to deepen, and high-speed cutting technology has become increasingly widespread in the manufacturing fields of aviation, aerospace, automotive, machine tools, and molds. Applications. As an advanced common manufacturing technology, high-speed cutting technology has become an important development direction of cutting processing. The concept of high-speed cutting was first proposed by Dr. Carl.J.Salomon of Germany in 1931. Since the 1960s (especially since the 1980s), industrialized countries have attached great importance to the development of high-speed cutting technology and have invested large amounts of manpower and capital to research and develop high-speed cutting and related technologies. Since the 1990s, the research of high-speed cutting technology has entered a mature stage and its application has been further expanded. Generally speaking, high-speed cutting refers to the cutting speed that is more than 5 to 10 times that of ordinary cutting or the spindle speed of the machine tool is 10000r/min or more. In fact, depending on the workpiece material, cutting method, and tool material, the cutting speed range of high-speed cutting will change accordingly. In summary, cutting with the following characteristics can be referred to as high-speed machining: 1 High cutting speed: turning speed v ≥ 500 m/min, milling speed v ≥ 300 m/min, drilling speed v ≥ 200 m/min; 2 feed rate Large: feed speed Vf = 20 ~ 50m/min or feed per blade fz = 1.0 ~ 1.5mm. Compared with ordinary cutting, the use of high-speed cutting technology can improve the material removal rate per unit time 3.5 times or more, while processing costs can be reduced by 20% to 50%, machining accuracy and surface quality can be improved by 1 to 2 This is an important reason why all countries in the world are competing to research high-speed cutting technology. In addition, the application of high-speed cutting technology can also change the machining methods for certain difficult-to-machine materials, such as turning or milling directly on hardened material workpieces to achieve "cut-generation grinding". 2 Overview of the development of the metal cutting database The establishment of a cutting database and the provision of rational and optimized cutting data for the mechanical manufacturing industry are not only an effective measure for improving the efficiency and economic efficiency of the cutting process, but also the cutting of databases for the development of various modern manufacturing technologies (eg CNC The important research foundation of CAPP, CAD/CAM, FMS, CIMS, etc.) is an important part of the public manufacturing database of these systems. Since the middle of the 1960s, industrialized countries have successively established metal cutting databases to accumulate and store abundant metal cutting production and test data. The world's first metal cutting database was established in 1964 by the United States Technical Cutting Joint Research Corporation and the U.S. Air Force Materials Laboratory, and is called the United States Air Force Processing Data Center (AFMDC). Since then. Various industrialized countries have successively developed their own metal cutting databases, among which the famous ones are the former Federal German INFOS and the American MDC (Machinability Data Center, a follow-up version of AFMDC). Since the end of the “6th Five-Year Plan” period in China, research on the metal-cutting database started. Chengdu Tool Research Institute, Southeast University, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Aizu University, Chengdu University of Science and Technology have conducted a lot of research work and established a variety of practical metals. Cutting database (such as CTRN90V1.0, a multi-function, multi-purpose turning database software developed by Chengdu Tool Research Institute, and NAIMDS, a small general-purpose cutting database system developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics). 3 The core technology of high-speed cutting database The metal cutting database is developed under the conditions of mature metal cutting theory research, general application of cutting processing technology, and extremely rich cutting parameters, along with the continuous development of computer technology, database technology, and advanced cutting and processing technologies. Up. At present, although many countries in the world have established many metal cutting databases. However, there is no database suitable for high-speed machining. The establishment of a high-speed cutting database is of great significance for the promotion and application of high-speed machining technology. In addition to the normal cutting database, the high-speed cutting database must have basic functions such as recommended cutting tools and optimized cutting parameters. According to the characteristics of high-speed cutting itself, the following functional and structural problems should be solved: Good communication and interface with CNC system, CAD/CAM software: Because high-speed cutting mostly uses CNC machine tools or machining centers, the degree of automation is very high, so the high-speed cutting database Must have a good communication and interface functions with the CNC system in order to give full play to the advantages of high-speed cutting. Numerical control technology has developed rapidly in the past decade, and the numerical control system has evolved from a simple motion control function to an open computer digital control system capable of performing various complex functions such as graphic image processing, communication, and network data transmission. The use of computer communication and interface technology can be directly or through CAD / CAM software in the high-speed cutting database and numerical control machine tools or machining center CNC system between the query, optimization, transmission and a series of data operations. Reasoning function: Due to the late start of high-speed cutting technology, there is no universal high-speed cutting data manual that can be directly used for production. Only a small portion of the commonly used material is available for cutting data. Artificial intelligence technology has just provided powerful help for establishing the inference function of high-speed cutting database. It can generate new cutting data based on existing successful machining examples using artificial intelligence based on rules or instance-based reasoning technology, fuzzy control technology and so on. The input database is available as available data either directly or experimentally verified. Distributed structure: The high-speed cutting database should have a distributed structure in order to provide services for large-scale manufacturing enterprises that are distributed in different geographic locations in the production and sales departments. Database technology is one of the most developed and widely used technologies in computer technology. The most mature relational database technologies and theories have been rapidly developed and applied extensively and effectively. A number of data models based on relational data have been introduced to support Client/ Server structure and distributed structure of commercial relational database management system (such as Micosoft's SQL Server 2000, Oracle's 0racle 8, etc.). Provides good technical support for the establishment of high-speed cutting database. Network function: The high-speed cutting database should have a network function so that relevant users can query the corresponding cutting data through the computer network and provide corresponding basic data for various advanced manufacturing technologies. With the development of Intranet/Internet technology and manufacturing technology, agile manufacturing, Advanced technologies such as collaborative manufacturing, remote manufacturing, and network manufacturing have become important development directions for manufacturing technologies. The rapid development and extensive application of computer network and communication technology provide a solid application foundation and strong technical support for the network function of high-speed cutting database. Prediction function: The high-speed cutting database should be able to predict certain cutting through the use of existing artificial intelligence technology, artificial neural network technology, finite element analysis technology, statistical analysis technology and various cutting force models, cutting temperature models, tool wear models, etc. Effect functions, such as predicting the workpiece's machining accuracy, surface roughness, and tool life.

Figure 1 Basic function of high-speed cutting database

Figure 2 Basic block diagram of high-speed cutting database

4 Basic structure of high-speed cutting database The basic functions of the high-speed cutting database are shown in Figure 1. Among them, the input items are the specific requirements put forward by the user according to his own needs, such as the requirements of the workpiece and the processing requirements to reflect the material model of the workpiece, the external dimensions before and after the processing, tolerances and other requirements; the output item is processed by the high-speed cutting database to the user requirements. The output results, such as tool material and model item, are the tool material types, brand numbers, etc. recommended by the database to the user. Combining the structure of the existing metal cutting database and the development status of computers and database technology, we believe that the high-speed cutting database should adopt the C/S structure. This structure has the functions of distributed storage and processing of data and good dynamics, and is easy to expand. At the same time, the high-speed cutting database should use the results of artificial intelligence technology, have good and practical reasoning and forecasting functions, and provide effective auxiliary tools for the promotion and application of high-speed cutting technology. The basic structure of the high-speed cutting database is shown in Figure 2. The database of high-speed cutting is mainly composed of database, data source, data evaluation and verification system, application development system, network and communication interface, output and users. Database part: The database is composed of cutting data, knives, upper parts, machine tools, fixtures, models, processing examples, and other data, including: 1 cutting data; cutting parameter database mainly stores cutting speed, cutting depth, Feed amount, cutting properties, type, cutting fluid and other data; 2 Tool: store tool material, shape, model, processing purpose, manufacturer and other data; 3 Workpiece: store the workpiece material, brand, shape, processing type, processing properties, etc. Data; 4 machine tools: storage of machine models, technical parameters, manufacturers and other data; 5 fixtures: storage fixtures and fixture types, uses and other data; 6 models: storage cutting parameter model, optimization model, coefficient model, cutting force model, tool Durability model; 7 processing examples: storage processing instance data; 8 other data: storage of user management, database management and other aspects of the data. Data source section: Sources of data used in high-speed cutting databases, including cutting parameters, machine tools, tools, fixtures, materials, models, and other data provided by factories, laboratories, and literature manuals. Data Evaluation Verification System: Verify the database provides or loses data from the database. Application development system part: Complete data query, recording, updating, modification, deletion, optimization, transmission, case reasoning, processing effect prediction, database management and other application functions. 5 Conclusion Research and establishment of high-speed cutting database is a major and realistic issue facing the machinery manufacturing industry. The high-speed cutting database is of great significance for the popularization and application of high-speed cutting technology. The high-speed cutting database recommended by the high-speed cutting database, and optimized cutting amount, can significantly improve the processing quality and production efficiency of the workpiece and reduce the processing cost, thereby increasing the The economic benefits of the enterprise enhance the market competitiveness of the product. For the entire metal cutting industry, the use of high-speed cutting database will greatly improve the level of cutting in the entire industry and obtain great economic benefits.

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