Extrusion method is currently the main method of pressure forming granulation in the powder industry in China. Extrusion granulation equipment according to the working principle and structure can be divided into vacuum pressure rod granulator, single (double) screw extrusion granulator, model punch press, plunger extruder, roll extruder, roll Gear granulators, etc. This type of equipment can be widely used in petrochemical, organic chemical, fine chemical, pharmaceutical, food, feed, fertilizer and other fields. The method has the advantages of strong adaptability, large output, uniform particle size, good particle strength, and high granulation rate.
The DLJ series crushing granulator developed on the basis of the single-screw granulator can solve the problem of crushing of colloidal materials, and can be widely applied to the demolition of high molecular weight polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate and other materials. Granules broaden the range of applications for extrusion granulation.
For pelletizing of materials that require special shaped particles (such as rings, clover, porous, etc.), a plunger extruder is generally used. At present, the research on plunger extruder in China has been improved, the plunger diameter is in the range of 50-250mm, the particle diameter is within the range of 2-20mm, and more than 20 types of particles can be achieved.
Spray and Dispersion Mist Method The method is to make liquid or semi-liquid materials in a highly dispersed state directly into solid particles in a specific apparatus. Such granulation equipment includes spray drying towers, spray dryers, prilling towers, spouted bed and fluidized bed dryers, and air flow dryers. The common characteristic of this spray and dispersed mist granulation method is that the liquid feed must be pumpable and dispersible; the granulation process should normally be continuous, automated, and large-scale operation; the granulation system must be designed In order to solve the problem of wear and powder entrapment, the product can be recycled or recycled to the end of the material. The particle size of the product is generally limited to 5 mm or less. The advantage of this type of equipment is that the granulation process and the drying process of the material take place simultaneously. The device can be widely used in pharmaceutical, food, chemical, mining and ceramic industries. The disadvantage is that the particles have a lower strength and a smaller particle size. At present, the diameter of the particles that can be prepared in this type of equipment can be as small as 50-500 microns, or even smaller, and the maximum yield can exceed 30 tons/hour (such as urea prilling tower, etc.).
Hot-melt molding The hot-melt molding method utilizes the low melting point characteristic of the product (generally less than 300°C), and the molten material is condensed and crystallized into a desired sheet, strip, block, hemisphere by special condensation. Shaped and other shapes. According to the working principle of the molding equipment, it can be mainly divided into a drum splicing machine and a rotary cold belt drop molding device.
The drum slicing is a cooling and crystallization process. The molten material liquid in the tray comes into contact with the cooled drum and forms a material film on the surface of the drum. Through the heat exchange between the material film and the drum wall, the material film is cooled, crystallized and crystallized. The material film is scraped by a doctor blade to become a sheet product. The drum splicing machine has the advantages of compact equipment, high drum precision, good cooling effect and wide application range. It can be used for both sheeting and drying, and can be widely used in the production of high-molecular products such as petroleum resins, polyethylene oligomers, and organic chemical products such as phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, and higher fatty alcohols. The application of drum slicing machine in China's powder industry has become more common and the technology is more mature.
The rotary cold drop molding machine adopts thin steel belt heat transfer and atomized spray cooling, which has good heat transfer effect, high cooling efficiency, quick solidification and molding, wide application range of materials, and can produce hemispherical, strip, block, Flaky and other shapes of products. The dual-speed drive device for the distributor and the steel belt can be adjusted according to the production capacity and physical property parameters, and is easy to realize automatic control; the entire production process is free of pollution, the product purity is high, no impurities are brought in, and the continuous operation is easy to achieve; due to the steel belt The commutation bending at the discharge end separates the solidified material layer from the laminating surface of the steel strip, so that the material is less dusted during discharging and the material is easily discharged, and the shape of the particles can be easily maintained.
At present, there are four or five units engaged in the design, research, and manufacturing of rotary cold-fall drop molding equipment in China. Most of them are derived from the internal spinning cloth system independently developed by the Institute of Powder Materials Engineering of the former Ministry of Chemical Industry. This technology and equipment has been widely applied in China for more than 100 sets of industrialization, and has obtained a number of invention patents. The technology has reached the international advanced level.
The DLJ series crushing granulator developed on the basis of the single-screw granulator can solve the problem of crushing of colloidal materials, and can be widely applied to the demolition of high molecular weight polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate and other materials. Granules broaden the range of applications for extrusion granulation.
For pelletizing of materials that require special shaped particles (such as rings, clover, porous, etc.), a plunger extruder is generally used. At present, the research on plunger extruder in China has been improved, the plunger diameter is in the range of 50-250mm, the particle diameter is within the range of 2-20mm, and more than 20 types of particles can be achieved.
Spray and Dispersion Mist Method The method is to make liquid or semi-liquid materials in a highly dispersed state directly into solid particles in a specific apparatus. Such granulation equipment includes spray drying towers, spray dryers, prilling towers, spouted bed and fluidized bed dryers, and air flow dryers. The common characteristic of this spray and dispersed mist granulation method is that the liquid feed must be pumpable and dispersible; the granulation process should normally be continuous, automated, and large-scale operation; the granulation system must be designed In order to solve the problem of wear and powder entrapment, the product can be recycled or recycled to the end of the material. The particle size of the product is generally limited to 5 mm or less. The advantage of this type of equipment is that the granulation process and the drying process of the material take place simultaneously. The device can be widely used in pharmaceutical, food, chemical, mining and ceramic industries. The disadvantage is that the particles have a lower strength and a smaller particle size. At present, the diameter of the particles that can be prepared in this type of equipment can be as small as 50-500 microns, or even smaller, and the maximum yield can exceed 30 tons/hour (such as urea prilling tower, etc.).
Hot-melt molding The hot-melt molding method utilizes the low melting point characteristic of the product (generally less than 300°C), and the molten material is condensed and crystallized into a desired sheet, strip, block, hemisphere by special condensation. Shaped and other shapes. According to the working principle of the molding equipment, it can be mainly divided into a drum splicing machine and a rotary cold belt drop molding device.
The drum slicing is a cooling and crystallization process. The molten material liquid in the tray comes into contact with the cooled drum and forms a material film on the surface of the drum. Through the heat exchange between the material film and the drum wall, the material film is cooled, crystallized and crystallized. The material film is scraped by a doctor blade to become a sheet product. The drum splicing machine has the advantages of compact equipment, high drum precision, good cooling effect and wide application range. It can be used for both sheeting and drying, and can be widely used in the production of high-molecular products such as petroleum resins, polyethylene oligomers, and organic chemical products such as phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride, and higher fatty alcohols. The application of drum slicing machine in China's powder industry has become more common and the technology is more mature.
The rotary cold drop molding machine adopts thin steel belt heat transfer and atomized spray cooling, which has good heat transfer effect, high cooling efficiency, quick solidification and molding, wide application range of materials, and can produce hemispherical, strip, block, Flaky and other shapes of products. The dual-speed drive device for the distributor and the steel belt can be adjusted according to the production capacity and physical property parameters, and is easy to realize automatic control; the entire production process is free of pollution, the product purity is high, no impurities are brought in, and the continuous operation is easy to achieve; due to the steel belt The commutation bending at the discharge end separates the solidified material layer from the laminating surface of the steel strip, so that the material is less dusted during discharging and the material is easily discharged, and the shape of the particles can be easily maintained.
At present, there are four or five units engaged in the design, research, and manufacturing of rotary cold-fall drop molding equipment in China. Most of them are derived from the internal spinning cloth system independently developed by the Institute of Powder Materials Engineering of the former Ministry of Chemical Industry. This technology and equipment has been widely applied in China for more than 100 sets of industrialization, and has obtained a number of invention patents. The technology has reached the international advanced level.
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