This article explains in detail the terms related to smart buildings:
1. Generic Cabling System (GCS)
The integrated wiring system is a modular and flexible information transmission system within a building complex.
The object of the integrated wiring system is a transmission network within a building or a building. It can not only connect voice, data, image communication equipment and switching equipment with other information management systems, but also connect these devices with external communication networks. Integrated wiring system components: The wiring system is composed of many components, including transmission media, line management hardware, connectors, sockets, plugs, adapters, transmission electronic circuits, electrical protection facilities, etc., and various components are constructed from these components. system.
The integrated wiring system includes six subsystems: work area subsystem, horizontal subsystem, management room subsystem, vertical trunk subsystem, equipment room subsystem, and building group subsystem.
The integrated wiring system as the core information transmission channel of the entire building group is the central nervous system of the entire building group. Its main services in weak systems include: computer network systems, program-controlled switching systems, security systems, broadcasting systems, card systems, electronic screen systems, etc. Wait.
One understands all relevant system branches of intelligent buildings
2. Satellite and cable television systems <br> <br> satellite TV system is the use of satellite transponder space station as a forwarding system television signals, with flexible access? Receiving the adjustability of multiple satellites, it can receive domestic and foreign programs that can be set by the Ministry of Broadcasting and Television (both KU and C bands are available); Cable Antenna Television (CATV) uses optical fiber/coaxial cable for broadband transmission. An image transmission system that transmits high-quality television graphic signals to user terminals on the floor through a coaxial cable distribution network.
The satellite television system consists of three parts: the antenna, the front end, the trunk, and the branch distribution network.
The cable television system mainly consists of optical workstations, amplifiers, branch distributors, and terminal panels. All devices support bidirectional transmission.
The satellite television program signal received by the satellite antenna is converted into an intermediate frequency signal by a frequency converter, and the intermediate frequency signal is equally divided by the power divider into the receiver and modulated into a baseband signal, and modulated by the television signal modulator to a corresponding value. TV channels. According to the requirements, technical personnel can select and broadcast satellite TV programs in the computer room, and send self-hosted programs and cable TV programs to the transmission network through multi-channel mixers and amplifiers. The branches, distributors, and video lines will be of high quality. The program signal is sent to each user terminal.
3. Public Address System (PAS)
The cable broadcasting system usually combines background music with daily broadcasting and emergency broadcasting functions, and usually plays back background music or other programs. When an emergency such as a fire occurs, it is converted into an alarm broadcast.
The broadcasting system consists of: program source equipment, signal amplification and processing equipment, transmission lines, and speaker systems.
Fire-fighting linkage, the system gives emergency broadcasting the highest priority for control; it can be based on firefighting reports when there is a fire alarm; the police signal is automatically strong and the sound is controlled; an emergency alarm broadcast occurs and the evacuation of the personnel in the building can be promptly evacuated.
4. Security System (SAS)
The safety automation system is an anti-illegal intrusion, destruction, fire prevention, explosion prevention and safety inspection and other measures for the purpose of maintaining social and public safety. It adopts electronic security technology, sensor technology, communication technology, automatic control technology, and computer technology security protection equipment. Equipment system.
The subsystem of the security system: the video surveillance system, which carries out information on the dynamics of events and people flow in important parts of the building? Macro-monitoring and control to enable real-time forensics, review, and timely handling of various abnormal conditions; anti-theft alarm system, necessary to establish necessary intrusion prevention for special areas and important parts such as entrances and exits of important areas, perimeters of financial and valuable goods stores, etc. Alert measures; electronic patrol system, establishment of patrol points in the relevant areas of the building, security personnel patrol checks according to the prescribed route, timely understanding of the situation and deal with them to prevent the occurrence of abnormal situations; card system is based on computer networks The technology and the latest smart IC card technology will integrate management and service facilities into the safety information management system. With only authorized smart cards, the system can realize identity authentication, elevator floor control, and hotel through the system's powerful software functions and complete hardware supporting equipment. Room access control, consumption and other functions; parking management system, access control for vehicles, parking spaces and time charge management and other settings management system.
The three elements of the security system are detection, delay and response. Detects the occurrence of perceived and recessive risk events and issues alarms; delays, prolongs and delays the process of the occurrence of risk events; and responds to the rapid action taken by organizations to stop the occurrence of risky events.
The room works <br> <br> room engineering is an emerging industry with information systems have become increasingly demanding on the environment occurs, involving electronic technology, building structures, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical and fire protection technology Security and other professional, it is to solve the comprehensive technical problems such as temperature and humidity, cleanliness, electromagnetic field strength, anti-static, power distribution, grounding and lightning protection, fire safety, etc., for the stable and reliable operation of electronic computer systems and staff A good working environment. To ensure the safe, reliable and stable operation of computer equipment and to bring its benefits into full play, confidential information, valuable economic data, and other important contents in various computer equipment are easily kept confidential, managed, and developed through research and development of computers. The science and technology industry must rely on the scientific design of computer professional housing to ensure the realization of the above functions.
The professional designs involved in the engine room project include: decoration works, which mainly include ceiling ceiling projects, partitions and wall projects, ground works, door and window projects, and their corresponding concealment projects; air-conditioning projects mainly include precision air conditioning projects in the engine room; electrical projects mainly include Supply and distribution system engineering, UPS system engineering, lighting engineering, grounding and lightning protection projects, and their corresponding concealed projects; weak current projects mainly include the centralized monitoring system of the engine room.
As the central hub of the entire building computer network circuit and equipment, the computer room occupies an extremely important position in modern buildings. The construction of the computer room directly affects the entire building network structure and the management and maintenance work.
6. Building Automation System (BAS)
The building automation system is based on the comprehensive use of technologies such as automatic control, computers, communications, sensors, etc. to achieve effective control and management of equipment and facilities, thereby improving system operation quality, improving management level, reducing labor intensity of operation management, and saving operating energy. Consumption, creating an efficient, comfortable, warm and safe building environment.
The object of the building automation system: electrical and mechanical equipment in the building. The subsystems of the building automation system include cold and heat source systems, air-conditioning and ventilation systems, water supply and drainage systems, transmission and distribution systems, lighting systems, and elevator systems.
The generalized BA system refers to the BA system in 3A in an intelligent building. It covers the monitoring content of all the electromechanical equipment and facilities in a building. In addition to the above six subsystems, it also includes the security monitoring and control system, fire alarm, and linkage. Control systems and broadcast control and management systems.
7. information dissemination and conferencing systems <br> <br> information release system is a system for integration of digital media information release, the system can replace the posters, play video tapes / discs and other old information dissemination, and instructions Inquiries, the contents that need to be published and inquired are edited and produced in a digital manner, transmitted to specified information service points through a networked method, and managed in a centralized manner by means of information, so as to achieve targeted distribution of information, interactive query, and real-time information Updated and centralized management purposes.
The information dissemination system adopts an end-to-end networked and informationized centralized management system, which mainly consists of information publishing points and information query points, information release management terminals, and servers.
The conference system consists of a large screen display, multimedia audio and video signal sources, audio, switching and central control. It selects DVDs and video recorders with advanced functions, as well as physical and graphic transmitters, and restores the images through large-screen projectors. Elephant, through the central control equipment, control all indoor audio and video equipment, signal switching, lighting, screen lift, volume adjustment and other functions, greatly improve the efficiency of the conference and simplify the complex operation, can be suitable for all use without the need for professional knowledge .
The conference system consists of conference discussion system, sound reinforcement system, display system, central control system, signal processing system, video conference system, stage lighting system, and video recording equipment.
The conference integrated control system is aimed at many devices in the conference room such as audio, video, computer, video conferencing, lighting, monitoring, electromechanical environment and other systems, and implements responsible control through simple control interfaces (such as touch control screens, programmable buttons, etc.). In this way, meetings and other processes can be smoothly performed.
8. Command Center
The command center is the information integration portal of the entire building. The command center realizes the integration of information and effectively integrates the information and applications of different business application systems, thereby implementing deep-level integration and application of data and harmonizing these command elements. To form a comprehensive, unified, multi-level operational command system. The role of overall operation and command is ensured to ensure the effective operation of the operation command center, which can greatly increase the degree of collaboration between application systems in various businesses and achieve high-level decision-making in operation and command.
The emergency linkage command center integrates a variety of advanced technologies and fully integrates multi-sector, multi-industry, multi-level information resources to achieve real-time response to emergency public events and dispatch command. On the basis of emergency monitoring and early warning, the system can complete the tracking and processing of the whole process of emergency events, and realize the needs of emergency services such as relevant data collection, accident determination, decision analysis, linkage command, and on-site support. Minimize the severity of emergencies. The emergency plan system will be introduced into the command center, and a set of multi-functional operation and command system platforms that can achieve "flat warfare" will be established.
9. Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
The program-controlled telephone system is a modern communication exchange platform with powerful voice switching capabilities and non-blocking, low maintenance costs, easy maintenance, and rich functional applications, as well as being open, scalable, and technologically advanced. The object has a high-level, high-efficiency, and high-security communication environment. The PBX is a kind of modern and commonly used telephone communication management method, which allows the telephone administrator to manage outside calls and inside calls collectively.
In addition to providing stable and efficient voice communications, the program control system can also provide hotel front office management system (PMS) interfaces for hotel projects, providing a wealth of hotel hotel business functions.
10. The intelligent lighting system <br> <br> intelligent lighting system refers to the use of modern electronic technology, automatic control technology, and computer and communication networks assisted by other means (control techniques or strategies) to achieve automatic control of modern lighting, in Provides a suitable lighting environment while reducing lighting system power consumption and other usage costs. The intelligent lighting system has many advantages, including creating an atmosphere of the environment, improving the working environment, improving work efficiency, good energy-saving effects, extending the life of the light source, and facilitating management and maintenance.
Intelligent lighting control system consists of three parts, one module part (including dimming module, switch module) Second, on-site control part (including control panel, LCD touch screen, smart sensor, programming socket, clock manager) Third, monitoring, The debugging part (including debugging software, hand-held programmer and PC monitor) and other components are composed of the above-mentioned modules with independent functions, which are connected by five types of four pairs of data communication lines to form a control network.
The intelligent lighting system can be self-contained and can be integrated with other systems (BA systems) via OPC interfaces or gateways.
11. <br> <br> energy metering system is an energy metering system does not require personnel to the scene to complete the copy to read user consumption of water, electricity, gas, heat conditions intelligent management systems. The energy metering system is an important means and part of the automation of business management. Its ultimate goal is to automatically, centrally, and regularly record the usage of water, electricity, gas, and air conditioners of each user, and to achieve central air-conditioning billing by area-based charging. Change to charge by usage. The use of energy metering and charging systems and the implementation of a system based on actual energy consumption can promote the application of energy-saving technologies and products, thereby reducing energy consumption in buildings and achieving sustainable development.
Energy metering system structure: The use of three-level structure - the highest level for the central manager, mainly by the computer, converters, system software, etc.; secondary structure for the sampling manager, communication with the converter upwards, upload data and receive orders to Under the communication with the sampler, data acquisition, control; the third level for a variety of metering, including heat meter, temperature control sampler and other meter.
1. Generic Cabling System (GCS)
The integrated wiring system is a modular and flexible information transmission system within a building complex.
The object of the integrated wiring system is a transmission network within a building or a building. It can not only connect voice, data, image communication equipment and switching equipment with other information management systems, but also connect these devices with external communication networks. Integrated wiring system components: The wiring system is composed of many components, including transmission media, line management hardware, connectors, sockets, plugs, adapters, transmission electronic circuits, electrical protection facilities, etc., and various components are constructed from these components. system.
The integrated wiring system includes six subsystems: work area subsystem, horizontal subsystem, management room subsystem, vertical trunk subsystem, equipment room subsystem, and building group subsystem.
The integrated wiring system as the core information transmission channel of the entire building group is the central nervous system of the entire building group. Its main services in weak systems include: computer network systems, program-controlled switching systems, security systems, broadcasting systems, card systems, electronic screen systems, etc. Wait.
One understands all relevant system branches of intelligent buildings
2. Satellite and cable television systems <br> <br> satellite TV system is the use of satellite transponder space station as a forwarding system television signals, with flexible access? Receiving the adjustability of multiple satellites, it can receive domestic and foreign programs that can be set by the Ministry of Broadcasting and Television (both KU and C bands are available); Cable Antenna Television (CATV) uses optical fiber/coaxial cable for broadband transmission. An image transmission system that transmits high-quality television graphic signals to user terminals on the floor through a coaxial cable distribution network.
The satellite television system consists of three parts: the antenna, the front end, the trunk, and the branch distribution network.
The cable television system mainly consists of optical workstations, amplifiers, branch distributors, and terminal panels. All devices support bidirectional transmission.
The satellite television program signal received by the satellite antenna is converted into an intermediate frequency signal by a frequency converter, and the intermediate frequency signal is equally divided by the power divider into the receiver and modulated into a baseband signal, and modulated by the television signal modulator to a corresponding value. TV channels. According to the requirements, technical personnel can select and broadcast satellite TV programs in the computer room, and send self-hosted programs and cable TV programs to the transmission network through multi-channel mixers and amplifiers. The branches, distributors, and video lines will be of high quality. The program signal is sent to each user terminal.
3. Public Address System (PAS)
The cable broadcasting system usually combines background music with daily broadcasting and emergency broadcasting functions, and usually plays back background music or other programs. When an emergency such as a fire occurs, it is converted into an alarm broadcast.
The broadcasting system consists of: program source equipment, signal amplification and processing equipment, transmission lines, and speaker systems.
Fire-fighting linkage, the system gives emergency broadcasting the highest priority for control; it can be based on firefighting reports when there is a fire alarm; the police signal is automatically strong and the sound is controlled; an emergency alarm broadcast occurs and the evacuation of the personnel in the building can be promptly evacuated.
4. Security System (SAS)
The safety automation system is an anti-illegal intrusion, destruction, fire prevention, explosion prevention and safety inspection and other measures for the purpose of maintaining social and public safety. It adopts electronic security technology, sensor technology, communication technology, automatic control technology, and computer technology security protection equipment. Equipment system.
The subsystem of the security system: the video surveillance system, which carries out information on the dynamics of events and people flow in important parts of the building? Macro-monitoring and control to enable real-time forensics, review, and timely handling of various abnormal conditions; anti-theft alarm system, necessary to establish necessary intrusion prevention for special areas and important parts such as entrances and exits of important areas, perimeters of financial and valuable goods stores, etc. Alert measures; electronic patrol system, establishment of patrol points in the relevant areas of the building, security personnel patrol checks according to the prescribed route, timely understanding of the situation and deal with them to prevent the occurrence of abnormal situations; card system is based on computer networks The technology and the latest smart IC card technology will integrate management and service facilities into the safety information management system. With only authorized smart cards, the system can realize identity authentication, elevator floor control, and hotel through the system's powerful software functions and complete hardware supporting equipment. Room access control, consumption and other functions; parking management system, access control for vehicles, parking spaces and time charge management and other settings management system.
The three elements of the security system are detection, delay and response. Detects the occurrence of perceived and recessive risk events and issues alarms; delays, prolongs and delays the process of the occurrence of risk events; and responds to the rapid action taken by organizations to stop the occurrence of risky events.
The room works <br> <br> room engineering is an emerging industry with information systems have become increasingly demanding on the environment occurs, involving electronic technology, building structures, air conditioning, water supply and drainage, electrical and fire protection technology Security and other professional, it is to solve the comprehensive technical problems such as temperature and humidity, cleanliness, electromagnetic field strength, anti-static, power distribution, grounding and lightning protection, fire safety, etc., for the stable and reliable operation of electronic computer systems and staff A good working environment. To ensure the safe, reliable and stable operation of computer equipment and to bring its benefits into full play, confidential information, valuable economic data, and other important contents in various computer equipment are easily kept confidential, managed, and developed through research and development of computers. The science and technology industry must rely on the scientific design of computer professional housing to ensure the realization of the above functions.
The professional designs involved in the engine room project include: decoration works, which mainly include ceiling ceiling projects, partitions and wall projects, ground works, door and window projects, and their corresponding concealment projects; air-conditioning projects mainly include precision air conditioning projects in the engine room; electrical projects mainly include Supply and distribution system engineering, UPS system engineering, lighting engineering, grounding and lightning protection projects, and their corresponding concealed projects; weak current projects mainly include the centralized monitoring system of the engine room.
As the central hub of the entire building computer network circuit and equipment, the computer room occupies an extremely important position in modern buildings. The construction of the computer room directly affects the entire building network structure and the management and maintenance work.
6. Building Automation System (BAS)
The building automation system is based on the comprehensive use of technologies such as automatic control, computers, communications, sensors, etc. to achieve effective control and management of equipment and facilities, thereby improving system operation quality, improving management level, reducing labor intensity of operation management, and saving operating energy. Consumption, creating an efficient, comfortable, warm and safe building environment.
The object of the building automation system: electrical and mechanical equipment in the building. The subsystems of the building automation system include cold and heat source systems, air-conditioning and ventilation systems, water supply and drainage systems, transmission and distribution systems, lighting systems, and elevator systems.
The generalized BA system refers to the BA system in 3A in an intelligent building. It covers the monitoring content of all the electromechanical equipment and facilities in a building. In addition to the above six subsystems, it also includes the security monitoring and control system, fire alarm, and linkage. Control systems and broadcast control and management systems.
7. information dissemination and conferencing systems <br> <br> information release system is a system for integration of digital media information release, the system can replace the posters, play video tapes / discs and other old information dissemination, and instructions Inquiries, the contents that need to be published and inquired are edited and produced in a digital manner, transmitted to specified information service points through a networked method, and managed in a centralized manner by means of information, so as to achieve targeted distribution of information, interactive query, and real-time information Updated and centralized management purposes.
The information dissemination system adopts an end-to-end networked and informationized centralized management system, which mainly consists of information publishing points and information query points, information release management terminals, and servers.
The conference system consists of a large screen display, multimedia audio and video signal sources, audio, switching and central control. It selects DVDs and video recorders with advanced functions, as well as physical and graphic transmitters, and restores the images through large-screen projectors. Elephant, through the central control equipment, control all indoor audio and video equipment, signal switching, lighting, screen lift, volume adjustment and other functions, greatly improve the efficiency of the conference and simplify the complex operation, can be suitable for all use without the need for professional knowledge .
The conference system consists of conference discussion system, sound reinforcement system, display system, central control system, signal processing system, video conference system, stage lighting system, and video recording equipment.
The conference integrated control system is aimed at many devices in the conference room such as audio, video, computer, video conferencing, lighting, monitoring, electromechanical environment and other systems, and implements responsible control through simple control interfaces (such as touch control screens, programmable buttons, etc.). In this way, meetings and other processes can be smoothly performed.
8. Command Center
The command center is the information integration portal of the entire building. The command center realizes the integration of information and effectively integrates the information and applications of different business application systems, thereby implementing deep-level integration and application of data and harmonizing these command elements. To form a comprehensive, unified, multi-level operational command system. The role of overall operation and command is ensured to ensure the effective operation of the operation command center, which can greatly increase the degree of collaboration between application systems in various businesses and achieve high-level decision-making in operation and command.
The emergency linkage command center integrates a variety of advanced technologies and fully integrates multi-sector, multi-industry, multi-level information resources to achieve real-time response to emergency public events and dispatch command. On the basis of emergency monitoring and early warning, the system can complete the tracking and processing of the whole process of emergency events, and realize the needs of emergency services such as relevant data collection, accident determination, decision analysis, linkage command, and on-site support. Minimize the severity of emergencies. The emergency plan system will be introduced into the command center, and a set of multi-functional operation and command system platforms that can achieve "flat warfare" will be established.
9. Private Branch Exchange (PBX)
The program-controlled telephone system is a modern communication exchange platform with powerful voice switching capabilities and non-blocking, low maintenance costs, easy maintenance, and rich functional applications, as well as being open, scalable, and technologically advanced. The object has a high-level, high-efficiency, and high-security communication environment. The PBX is a kind of modern and commonly used telephone communication management method, which allows the telephone administrator to manage outside calls and inside calls collectively.
In addition to providing stable and efficient voice communications, the program control system can also provide hotel front office management system (PMS) interfaces for hotel projects, providing a wealth of hotel hotel business functions.
10. The intelligent lighting system <br> <br> intelligent lighting system refers to the use of modern electronic technology, automatic control technology, and computer and communication networks assisted by other means (control techniques or strategies) to achieve automatic control of modern lighting, in Provides a suitable lighting environment while reducing lighting system power consumption and other usage costs. The intelligent lighting system has many advantages, including creating an atmosphere of the environment, improving the working environment, improving work efficiency, good energy-saving effects, extending the life of the light source, and facilitating management and maintenance.
Intelligent lighting control system consists of three parts, one module part (including dimming module, switch module) Second, on-site control part (including control panel, LCD touch screen, smart sensor, programming socket, clock manager) Third, monitoring, The debugging part (including debugging software, hand-held programmer and PC monitor) and other components are composed of the above-mentioned modules with independent functions, which are connected by five types of four pairs of data communication lines to form a control network.
The intelligent lighting system can be self-contained and can be integrated with other systems (BA systems) via OPC interfaces or gateways.
11. <br> <br> energy metering system is an energy metering system does not require personnel to the scene to complete the copy to read user consumption of water, electricity, gas, heat conditions intelligent management systems. The energy metering system is an important means and part of the automation of business management. Its ultimate goal is to automatically, centrally, and regularly record the usage of water, electricity, gas, and air conditioners of each user, and to achieve central air-conditioning billing by area-based charging. Change to charge by usage. The use of energy metering and charging systems and the implementation of a system based on actual energy consumption can promote the application of energy-saving technologies and products, thereby reducing energy consumption in buildings and achieving sustainable development.
Energy metering system structure: The use of three-level structure - the highest level for the central manager, mainly by the computer, converters, system software, etc.; secondary structure for the sampling manager, communication with the converter upwards, upload data and receive orders to Under the communication with the sampler, data acquisition, control; the third level for a variety of metering, including heat meter, temperature control sampler and other meter.
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