The main problems that exist in this structural model are that it is based on the original functional system, through the bus to achieve the interconnection of information between systems, mainly from analog to digital, from discrete to joint, from scratch to the platform The informatization problem is mainly integrated in the control level and belongs to a united structure. Because the architecture is implemented on the basis of existing systems through embedding or additional methods, there is no complete integrated design of the entire vehicle electronic system starting from the basic architecture, and therefore the system architecture, generalization, and integration issues All aspects need further improvement. Overall, the current system architecture has the following major problems: 1) From an architecture perspective, the current integrated electronic system architecture is a federated architecture. The overall form is a distributed, loosely coupled information processing network. With the simple exchange of information as the mainstay, the structure of each functional system remains unchanged. Therefore, the degree of integration of the overall system is not optimized to a high degree. The contradiction between system versatility, openness, and function implementation still exists, leading to system functions. , performance changes and upgrades are more difficult, and the level of standardization and generalization is not high.
2) From the functional positioning point of view, the overall status of the current vehicle integrated electronic system has not been effectively formed. In terms of functional status, it is still only a functional sub-system of the vehicle. It is basically a parallel relationship with other functional systems; in terms of comprehensive levels It is still at the control and display level. The support for other systems is only reflected in the collection, transmission, and display of information. It is reflected in the control of some simple components and systems. It has not yet achieved an integrated design that breaks the boundaries of the original system. Effectively simplifies the structure and optimizes the layout. It does not establish a supporting platform and architecture for common functions common to the subsystems and functional components. It does not truly reflect and achieve the supporting role of the integrated electronic system as a basic platform.
3) From the perspective of satisfying the requirements for equipment construction, whether it is the building of an integrated military information system or the development of equipment informatization capabilities in the future, the current architecture of the vehicle integrated electronic system is difficult to adapt to the needs of informatization development. In terms of hardware architecture, because there is no modular and generalized hardware infrastructure supporting basic functions, it is difficult to adapt to the functional requirements of different ground platforms, and it is difficult to achieve commonalization across arms and cross-functional platforms; in the software platform In the past, because integrated integrated software environments such as integrated command, intelligence, communications, combat, and security were not established, software generally has a relatively closed architecture and a close relationship with hardware devices. The generalized software platform cannot ensure that the existing vehicle platforms quickly and seamlessly integrate into the integrated battlefield network and truly realize interconnection and interoperability.
The development trend and characteristics of new-type vehicle integrated electronic systems From the perspective of technological development, integrated electronic systems for vehicles will develop from the primary stage of discrete, hybrid, and joint to the advanced and highly integrated stage. Taking the US military as an example, the electronic system of the main battle tank M1A2SEP is an integrated electronic information system and is in an integrated development stage. In order to meet the needs of future high-tech information warfare and resolve problems in communications and information exchange between various weapons platforms and tactical networks, the US military has proposed a standard vehicle integrated electronic system architecture (SAVA). The main core includes the following aspects: : 1) Modularization and standardization of each electronic system; 2) Classification of the entire vehicle integrated electronic system into four subsystems according to information categories: data control and distribution subsystem, power management and distribution subsystem, computer resource subsystem and crew Control and display subsystems; 3) Interconnected using the following four kinds of buses: high-speed data bus (for data transmission, control, and distribution between tanks' electronic systems), multi-channel video bus (for transmission of video signals to Each occupant display device), a common bus (for power and power management distribution and remote control), a dual redundant high-speed ring bus (for data transmission between sensors, control panels, displays, actuators, and actuators).
Judging from the development of avionics systems, it is currently in the process of transition from the third generation to the fourth generation. The third generation is an integrated avionics structure that was developed based on the "stone column" program, typically represented by F222. Its main technical feature is the use of a system-shared integrated core processor (ICP) to perform almost all signal and data processing. The system integration layer from display control to data processing. The structure is characterized by comprehensive core processor integrated fire control calculations, navigation calculations, cockpit display, plug-in management, system scheduling, system monitoring and other calculations, scheduling and management tasks, comprehensive core processor call each module in different stages of implementation Different functions. The fourth generation is a highly integrated avionics structure that was developed based on the "Platform" program, typically represented by the Joint Strike Fighter (JSF). Its characteristics are based on the use of ICP, in the two major areas of radio frequency and optoelectronics widely used modular, field-replaceable design ideas, to achieve the aircraft skin sensor synthesis. Through the integration of radio frequency functions, many radar, communication, and electronic warfare functions disappear from the hardware configuration. The acquisition of these functions is completely implemented by software.
In summary, we can see that the new integrated vehicle electronic system will be an integrated and highly integrated structure. Compared with previous integrated electronic systems, the most significant technical feature of the new vehicle integrated electronic system is that the architecture has undergone major changes, that is, from a combined architecture to an integrated architecture, and from a traditional patchwork design philosophy. The way to the system engineering design thinking changes; in the system composition from the original functional system system-level interconnection to break the original functional system for vertical synthesis and vertical functional division development.
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