1 Basic situation of the working face
5米。 The installation of the 45407 working face can be measured to a length of 1 110 m, the working face is inclined at an average of 38 °, the average thickness of the coal seam is 11. 6 m, the design mining height is 2. 6 m, the top coal height is 9. 0 m. The transport section is 12. 6m2; the section of the return air duct is 11. 2 m2; the length of the open cut is 99 m, the pseudo slope is 6 m, the height is 2. 6 m, the width is 7 m, and the section is 18. 2 m2. A total of 69 brackets are installed on the working face, including: transition bracket ZFG4800/18/30 type 2 pairs, self-weight 18.5, t whole frame transportation, basic bracket ZFQ3600/16/28 type 66 pairs, self-weight 12. 5 , t whole frame Transportation, end bracket ZT9600/20/31 type 1 pair, self-weight 60, t disassembly transport after assembly.
44408 retrace working face, the average inclination angle is 35°, the width of the retracement channel is 2. 4 m, the net height is 2. 6 m, and the length of the closing section is 95 m. A total of 64 sets of support brackets need to be retracted, including: 2 sets of transition brackets, self-weight 18.5, t complete frame retreat, basic bracket ZFQ3600/16/28 type 61 pairs, self-weight 12. 5, t complete frame retreat, The end bracket ZT9600/20/31 type 1 pair, self-weight 60, t solution for extracorporeal transport.
2 bracket installation
2. 1 Using the flat-bed horizontally lowering, the directly-positioned bracket is loaded and transported by the ordinary flatbed to the exit of the working surface, and is lifted to the flatbed of 1 200mm gauge, and then the two synchronous winches are simultaneously pulled and placed in position.
2. 1. 1 Preparation
(1) Install the winch. Two synchronous winches are installed before and after the upper winch chamber of the cut-eye. Model JH-14, 1# main winch is in front, used for equipment lifting, and 2# auxiliary winch is behind, mainly used for stability. The auxiliary winch wire rope uses a pulley fixed on the top of the winch chamber to anchor the steel beam to increase the height of the wire rope. see picture 1.
(2) Anchoring the lifting beam. A set of lifting beams are anchored to each of the upper and lower outlets, and the lifting beam is composed of Ф15.25 mm×7 000 mm anchor cable anchoring 11# mining I-beam. The anchor beam is used for bracket assembly, lifting and separation of the flatbed. An 11# mining I-beam is anchored above the mouth of the winch of the eye-opening winch for hanging the guide wheel.
(3) Laying the track. The trajectory is 0. 6 m, 1. 2 m, and the inner track is 1. 2 m, orbital. The spacing of the sleepers is 600mm, and the bottom of the bedding is buried at 3/4 sleepers. The sleeper size is 1 800 mm × 150 mm × 120 mm. The track type is 18 kg/m and the length is 3m. The splint on the joint is fixed with 4 bolts. The rails must be laid under the rail joints. The sleepers should be solid and the track should be straight. When two brackets are installed, a short 3 m long track is removed. The track of the section with an incision angle of more than 30° is anchored with a bolt to prevent the bottom plate from damaging.
2. 1. 2 Process
(1) The basic bracket is transported as a whole to the upper exit hoisting beam, parked on the “Ten†word turn of 0. 6 m, 1.2 m gauge; two single hydraulic props are placed in front of and behind the bracket to prevent pouring stent; solution to the binding of iron wire and a fixing bolt; lift jack with two lifting brackets, removing the gauge flatbed 0. 6 m.
(2) Push the indoor horizontal flatbed truck (close to the 1# winch foundation, the gauge 1. 2 m) to the lower part of the bracket, drop the bracket, and bundle the brackets with two Ф21. 5 mm steel cords, and erect the flatbed. Insert the bolts on the lower side of the baffle. The two ends of the two wire ropes are connected with the left and right connecting lugs on the front of the flatbed. A wire rope is passed around the upper part of the bracket base, and is pulled out through the "U"-shaped connector behind the flatbed. The other wire rope bypasses the upper part of the bracket top beam and The other wire rope passing through the "U"-shaped connector is connected by two circular chains of Ф18 mm×64 mm. The connection of the circular chain is connected by a special connecting ring, and the ring chain is connected with the wire rope to bypass the 1# main traction winch heart ring. .
(3) Connect the 2# auxiliary stranded steel wire rope to the rear pillar by the guide pulley and the top beam of the bracket. In order to ensure the safety during unloading, a steel wire rope of Ф21. 5 mm and one Ф18 mm×64 mm are attached to the top beam of the bracket. The ring chain passes through the 2# stable winch wire rope heart ring at the same time.
(4) Slowly move the horizontal flat roof to the variable slope point with the single hydraulic prop. When moving, pay attention to the tension of the winch wire rope at any time. The tension is moderate. After the flatbed passes the slope point, the two winches are synchronously slowed down. ; Flatbed to the unloading position, tighten the 2# winch wire rope connected to the top beam.
(5) Drop the baffle on the lower side of the flatbed as the bracket floor slanting support, loose the main wire rope, remove the pin of the two fixed wire ropes on the front ear seat of the flatbed, remove the two bundled wire ropes, pull up the main traction winch, and make the bracket Separate from the flatbed and slide down along the diagonal bracing (see Figure 1), extract the steel wire rope on the top beam, and support the bracket to adjust the bracket perpendicular to the coal wall.
2. 1. 3 Security measures
(1) All hoist winch foundations are made of concrete, and the foundation strength of the winch is to be checked. The diameter of the rope is determined by calculation.
(2) The connection between the lifting jack and the lifting beam is Ф21. 5 mm, the connection between the manual hoist and the lifting beam is 圆环18mm×64 mm circular chain, the connection between the circular chain must use the connecting ring, and Tighten the bolts. It is strictly forbidden to use the waste wire rope and the scrapped ring chain lifting equipment. Before lifting the equipment, use the square wood to stabilize the flatbed truck to prevent the flatbed from moving when lifting; when lifting the bracket, the rope sleeve must be hung at the center of gravity of the bracket. Hanging on the handle of the handle of the handle, the column, the jack, etc.; before the lifting, the signal must be unified and clearly explained to all personnel; lifting must be carried out by a special person, the commander is standing
The location that everyone can see.
(3) Before lifting, the team leader must carefully check the lifting tools and ropes. Before the bracket is pulled up or lowered, the security inspector is responsible for checking the connection between the winch fixing and the traction device and the bracket; the skilled full-time winch driver and the hook worker And the signal worker, check whether the winch pressure column and the stability column are complete and firm.
(4) During the process of lowering the bracket, the front and rear winches should be synchronized and coordinated to ensure that the bracket is slowly and smoothly lowered to prevent it from falling over. Before the horizontal lower frame, two single hydraulic props are used as the retaining column above the installed bracket. After unloading the truck smoothly, remove it again.
2. 2 Using the slideway to slide horizontally and directly to the position of the bracket from the upper eye of the cut by the stable winch and the traction winch synchronous traction along the slide slide directly into place, eliminating the need for the bracket to transfer to different gauge flatbeds by the flatbed And other processes.
2. 2. 1 Preparation
Laying the slides in the cut-eye: The slides are machined with 11# mining I-beams with a spacing of 900 mm and a length of 1.5 m per section. The two slides are welded with the I-beam ribs into a whole, and the center line of the slide is laid. Consistent with the center line of the cut eye. The slides should be laid flat and connected with special splints. The joints should be straight, tight and error-free. The sleeper has a pitch of 600 mm; the sleeper size is 1 800 mm × 150 mm × 120 mm. Each section of the slide has a special slide with a rectangular eye. It is anchored with a double-hole steel backing plate and Φ18mm×2000mm steel anchor. In the floor of the roadway, the overall anti-skid road slides down. The sleepers are reinforced with wooden blocks, and the sleepers should be solid. cut
The arc-shaped slide on the eye is connected with the “#â€-shaped track transition arc slide and is made of concrete.
2. 2. 2 Process
(1) The bracket is transported to the well-shaped ballast under the lifting beam of the upper eye, and two 3.2-meter single hydraulic prop concrete are respectively arranged on both sides of the bracket to prevent the bracket from being dumped; the bracket is fixed and the pressure plate bolt is removed. Tie the wire, lift the bracket with 4 lifting jacks, remove the flatbed, and place the bracket on the platform.
(2) There are two methods for bundling the bracket during the lowering process: 12# auxiliary winch stabilizes the bracket top beam, 1# main winch pulls the bracket base, that is, the 90-type large chain (Φ26 mm steel wire rope buckle) cooperates with the quick joint to support the bracket top beam After the big tie, it is connected with the 2# winch hook head. It is equipped with a 90-type large chain (or Φ26mm wire rope) with a quick joint, one tied to the front axle of the bracket, and one tied to the rear link of the bracket and the hook of the 1# main winch. 2 Two winches are bundled in parallel on the top beams on both sides of the center of gravity of the bracket, that is, a 90-type large chain (or Φ26 mm wire rope buckle) is used to match the quick joint, and a rope head is tied to the front top beam of the bracket, and one is tied to the front bridge of the bracket. Two ropes are placed on the 2# auxiliary hook head; then the 90-type large chain (or Φ26 mm wire rope buckle) is used with two rope buckles made of quick joints, one on the tail beam of the bracket and the other tied to the tail beam. The bracket is placed on the top beam on the side of the rear pillar, and the rope buckle is respectively placed on the head of the 1# main winch.
(3) After the bracket is tied, the special person shall check the winch and the signal, the wire rope, the 90-type large chain quick joint, the rope card, the guide wheel and the lashing condition to ensure that it is in good condition and reliable, wear the sliding boots, and then use the single hydraulic props to be slow. Slowly push the bracket to the lower slope point. Pay attention to the tension of the winch wire rope when pushing the bracket. The looseness is appropriate. The pusher bracket is standing behind the column. To ensure the vertical slide of the bracket, the base of the bracket is in contact with the slide rail, which facilitates the stable lowering of the bracket. After the bracket has passed the slope point, the two winches are synchronously and slowly lowered.
(4) When the base of the bracket is blocked and does not slide, stop the two winches in time, and tighten the wire rope. Pull the base slowly and then lower it. If necessary, use a small winch installed in the transport slot to pull down.
(5) When the bracket reaches the predetermined position, make the bracket and the raised bracket stable, then loosely loosen the rope, and then fix the rope buckle after the bracket stops, and timely adjust the pipeline to adjust the front and the front. Connect and tighten to effectively support the top plate.
2. 2. 3 Security measures
(1) Find the center of gravity when bundling the bracket reins, so that the top beam and the base of the bracket are simultaneously stressed. When the fixed rope buckle is used to connect the rope buckles of the binding brackets and then connected with the hooks of the winch, a double rope total rope buckle must be used, plus a safety rope.
(2) It is strictly forbidden to use waste wire ropes and scrapped ring chain lifting equipment. When connecting directly with a chain guide, it is necessary to be reliable and tightly chained.
(3) The lifting work must be carried out by a special person. The special person (follow the team leader) directs the commander to stand in a position that everyone can see. It is strictly forbidden to scream and scream and scream. It is strictly forbidden to work and stay on the brackets, the rear of the large parts, the sides and the ropes during lifting.
(4) Before the large parts such as brackets, equipment and materials are laid down or pulled up, it is necessary to have a comprehensive inspection of the winch, slideway, wire rope, large ring, large chain, "U" ring, quick joint, lashing, etc. Once determined, it can be lowered or upgraded.
3 bracket withdrawal
3. 1 Preparation
(1) Make a gap. After the retracement channel is completed, the gap is made in advance on the lower surface of the work surface, and the arc transition between the gap and the roadway intersection is convenient for the bracket to turn.
(2) The work of anchoring the lifting beam, installing the winch, laying the slide, etc. is the same as when installing the bracket.
3. 2 withdrawal process
(1) Axle. Firstly, the main traction (1#) winch wire rope is connected with the bottom bridge of the pumped support by the 90-chain chain (the rope head is connected with the "U" ring of the big chain), and the rope is slowly tensioned and parked. Then use a draw (or steering) winch to connect the bracket front beam (or shield beam) through the guide pulley (the lock uses 90 large chain, quick joint, "U" ring) to complete the draw.
(2) While the bracket is being adjusted, the main traction winch is also tightly tightened. After the bracket is completely turned parallel to the coal wall and the upper slideway, the main traction (1#) winch is stopped, the steering winch rope head is removed, and then Under the top beam of the bracket, a single hydraulic prop is used to lift the bracket to lift the base, and the specially processed sliding shoe is quickly placed in the front lower part of the bracket base, and the single hydraulic prop is slowly lowered to make the base fall on the sliding shoe, and then The signal is sent and pulled up by the main traction (1#) winch. Before pulling the frame upwards, connect the 90 large chain (suitable length) with the “U†ring to the bracket top beam, and connect with the quick joint, “U†ring and 2# auxiliary strand rope head (they
The wire rope is tightly clamped) to provide insurance. When the bracket is used for the bracket or the direction of the steering, the single hydraulic prop must be operated by remote control. The single hydraulic support fulcrum must be accurately positioned, each fulcrum is padded with anti-slip small wooden blocks, and the safety rope is smashed. After the bracket reaches the upper port, it is hoisted and turned at the same time, and the flatbed truck is shipped.
(3) The shelter is removed. After the 1# bracket is pulled back, the 2# bracket is taken out and adjusted to the positive (longitudinal) side of the coal wall side by about 1 m, and then the bracket is raised and the initial support force is reached. The 2# bracket is always used as a shield bracket. The front beam and the front beam of the bracket are always kept at a distance of 1~2m to prevent interference with the front beam of the removed bracket, as shown in Figure 2.
The shield frame is always pulled upwards with the work surface bracket retracing upwards (using a winch). The main function is to hang the guide pulley and support the retracted space on the side of the coal wall.
3. 3 Safety technical measures
(1) Before the frame is withdrawn, the long steel beam on the upper side of the top beam is first tightened by the single hydraulic props, and then lowered, (retracting the steel beam unit or replacing the single hydraulic props during the drawing) Position to complete the drawing) During the retracement of the bracket, the direction of the wire and the inside of the enclosed corner are strictly prohibited, and no one is allowed to work, stay or pass.
(2) In order to ensure the smooth recovery of the working face, in order to prevent the roof from sinking and bring about difficulties in withdrawing the frame, each basic face of the working face is withdrawn, and the space for the evacuation is timely adopted with a single hydraulic prop Ф 180 mm, length m The round wood erects the sloping roof to support the roof (if the "π" beam is matched with the single pillar, the support requirements are the same as above). At the same time, each 2~3 brackets were withdrawn, and the rafts were evenly arranged in a three-flower shape at the detachment space of the old pond and the coal side of 1. 5 m to strengthen the support. When the working face end bracket is retracted, each distance is removed (2~2.m), and the raft is set up in the transportation slot in time. When the pressure of the roadway is large, the head frame is moved by 1 m. Firstly, the single hydraulic prop is used to match the log (Ф180 mm, length 2. 4 m) to erect the support. When the length is sufficient, replace it with the raft.
(3) The shield requires a strong support after each transfer. In order to prevent the shield frame from damaging the anchor cable beam in the channel, the frame can be lifted behind the square beam or the wooden block before and after the top of the bracket top beam, and the pipes of all the brackets must be bundled neatly to prevent damage or affect the lifting.
(4) Before retracting the bracket, first refill the single hydraulic props on the coal wall side and all adjacent brackets to prevent the lower adjacent frame from falling down after the lower frame is lowered to effectively support the top plate. In order to prevent the to-be-retracted bracket from tipping over during the adjustment, use the 2# twisting, 90-chain, “Uâ€-shaped ring and other locks to connect the bracket top beam (or the bracket cover beam four-link), and cooperate with the working surface bracket to adjust the direction, through 1# The main traction winch is tightened to complete the bracket and the steering. The anti-slip anti-slip on the upper frame can be used to prevent the anti-skid jack from the top beam of the bracket, and the anti-skid jack moves with the support of the bracket, and always maintains 10 brackets to form the anti-skid anti-skid frame.
(5) When the bracket is turned at the upper port, the 3# winch is used as the main traction winch, and the 2# auxiliary winch is used as the anti-dump winch when the bracket is adjusted. When the 1# traction winch pulls the bracket to the upper turning point, the rope head must not be removed. . After slowly tightening the rope and pulling the bracket from the return air lane to the winch to completely pull the bracket to the flat lane, the 1# winch rope head can be removed to prevent the bracket from sliding down when the upper mouth turns.
4 Conclusion
The installation and retraction of the fully mechanized caving face bracket with an inclination of 35° or more cannot be carried out by adopting advanced and fast bracket handling equipment such as bracket trucks and truck railcars. On the basis of improving the traditional bracket installation and retraction process, Wang Jia In combination with the fact that the dip angle of the working face is large, the mountain coal mine has explored the method of using the winch to pull and then sliding down the entire slide or lifting the retrace, but the method is used with caution in the high gas mine.
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