As the core of the traditional car, the engine is known as "the heart of the car." According to the CSM, China's light-vehicle engine will increase from 6.82 million units in 2004 to about 15 million units this year. Due to technological differences and related government regulations, the complexity of the Chinese auto market has emerged in the three generations of the same generation of engines in different technological eras. The current Chinese engine plant can be divided into the following three categories according to the hierarchical structure of technology development:
The first category is represented by engines imported from Japan in the 1980s, among which Toyota's 491 series gasoline engine and Isuzu's 4JB1 diesel engine are represented. This kind of engine, which represents the technical level more than 20 years ago, is still widely produced in China. This type of technology-lagging engine was installed on a large number of pickups, SUVs, and light passengers after being transformed by domestic engine manufacturers.
The second type is various engines produced by foreign OEMs or engine manufacturers in China in the form of wholly-owned or joint ventures at the end of the last century and the beginning of this century. The technical content of these engines is higher than that of the first type engines, but compared with foreign engines of the same period. Compared with technology, there is still a technical gap of more than one generation of products. Typical examples of such engines are Toyota's A-Series engines and Mitsubishi's 4G6 series engines.
The third category is the engine that will be gradually put into production between 2005 and 2010. This type of engine technology basically represents the most advanced technology on the engine of the international auto giants, keeping pace with international standards. On the gasoline engine side, advanced variable timing valve technology and the extensive use of aluminum alloy materials have almost become a symbol. This has appeared in the characteristics of the engine products of various companies, and the introduction of more advanced electronically controlled high pressure common rail direct injection technology has appeared in some engine product sequences. High-pressure common rails and variable intake turbocharging have gradually become the development trend and trend of diesel high-end light card machines.
The competition in China's auto market is all-encompassing: The competition in engine production capacity is heating up, and the competition in the next step is the competition in the automatic transmission market and technology, such as automatic transmission (AT), continuously variable transmission (CVT), machinery Automatic transmissions (AMT) and dual clutch transmissions (DCT) are also available for selection on very high-end light trucks and special purpose vehicles.
As early as the first two years, the U.S. Department of Energy provided $21.5 million in funding to improve the research on the light engine fuel efficiency. US Secretary of Energy Samuel W. Baldman will provide a total of up to 43 million U.S. dollars in funding for 11 research and development programs to improve the fuel efficiency of light car engines. The research projects selected by the Department of Energy will focus on three areas: improving the fuel efficiency of the ethanol-powered engines (engine optimization), developing advanced lubrication systems and exploring efficient clean combustion engines. The plan calls for increased use of cleaning by 2017. , Renewable fuels and increased vehicle fuel efficiency, reducing gasoline use by 20%.
Baldman said, “We expect this study to make significant progress in cleaner engines and economic optimization. Increasing the use of clean and renewable fuels will not only help reduce our dependence on imported oil, but also help reduce pollution. Exhaust gas and less greenhouse gas emissions will ensure that future energy sources will be safer, and the U.S. transport industry will be able to maintain its strong competitiveness in both domestic and international markets.†This shows that a highly developed country like the United States is also concerned And support how to improve the research and development level of light automobile engine fuel efficiency.
In recent years, some self-owned and joint-venture branded engine companies and more light truck manufacturing host companies in China are vigorously developing high-performance power engines, and have achieved considerable success in this area. Based on the current information of the desk, the author is now working on some advanced high-performance engines and some medium-to-high-end light trucks and other models related to supporting the situation, but I fear that there is a fear of hanging a million, so I also hope that the industry experts and scholars to It is complementing and improving, which is of great benefit to the development of China's light vehicle and engine industries.
As early as three years, Dongfeng Chaoyang Diesel Engine Co., Ltd. has obtained the license from Navistar NV of the United States and began production of a new type of NGD 3.0-liter diesel engine. This 3.0-liter in-line four-cylinder turbo diesel engine is designed to use an electronically controlled high-pressure common rail fuel system with piezoelectric nozzles. It currently meets Euro III standards and has the ability to upgrade Euro IV and Euro V emissions regulations. It is estimated that the annual production of the engine will reach 40,000 to 50,000 units. NGD3.0 diesel engine has a substantial improvement in terms of technical content, emission level, and dynamic performance. The maximum power of this engine can reach 120kW. The exhaust gas can reach the Euro III standard and have the upgrade capability of Euro IV and Euro V emission regulations. Can be widely used in a variety of light trucks, light buses, off-road vehicles and pickup trucks and other models.
FAW Xichai 4DW Fuwei absorbed the successful development experience and technology of Aowei Diesel Engine, conducted technical consultation of Austria AVL, and successfully cooperated with Shanghai Internal Combustion Engine Research Institute. This model has three forms of naturally aspirated, supercharged and supercharged intercooled, among which 4DW93-96E3, 4DW93-84E3 and other models have reached the national III emission standard, which is the highest quality engine in China's current low-power diesel engine series. one. The biggest advantage of the 4DW Fuwei diesel engine is the high interchangeability of the diesel engine. Adaptation range: 4DW The three series of the Fuwei country mainly fit 1.5 to 3 tons of trucks, 4 to 12 tons of trucks, 6 to 7 meters. Passenger cars, forklifts, agricultural machinery, etc. At present, the units supporting Xichai 4DW93B-84E3 common-rail engine include Hongta trucks and Jianghuai buses.
The Guangxi Yuchai YC4F engine is a joint design of Yuchai with German FEV and Japanese YAMAHA. State III models use the United States DELPHI electronically controlled high pressure common rail technology, low eddy current combustion chamber and many other modern diesel engine technology achievements. Yuchai carries out a large number of reliability and adaptive developments in accordance with the German FEV's machinery development program. According to the report, the engine overhaul mileage can exceed 500,000 kilometers under normal use and maintenance. In view of the YC4F wet cylinder structure, the cylinder head covers four cylinders and one cover. Good accessibility and easy maintenance. Adaptation range: YC4F diesel engine is an energy-saving and environment-friendly light-duty diesel engine developed by Yuchai in light of the development of the light vehicle market and making up for the gap in its mid-size engine market. It is targeted at mid- to high-end light trucks, passenger cars, pickup trucks, SUVs, vans and other commercial vehicles and passenger vehicles. car. Among them, the YC4F90-33 diesel engine is to be used to meet the N1 category III emission already installed in Foton Aoling, YC4F series diesel engine supporting manufacturers are Lifan, Hongta, Suzhou Golden Dragon, Xiamen Golden Brigade and so on.
The R428DOHC and R425DOHC two diesel engines introduced by Jiangling Motors in Italy in the past few years have displacements of 2.5L and 2.8L, respectively. JX4D24 introduces Ford's light diesel engine for Jiangling, using lightweight technology, including aluminum body, magnesium alloy cylinder block, lightweight camshaft, crankshaft, piston, connecting rod and other components; advanced combustion technology, including direct injection Technology, lean combustion technology, etc.; advanced intake and exhaust control technologies, including VVT, turbocharged variable. R428DOHC and R425DOHC two diesel engines, the main models are equipped with Landwind X6, Huang Hai Qi Sheng, Zhongxing Infinity and Changfeng Cheetah. The R425DOHC, R425DOHC engine replaces the 4JB1 engine manufactured by Isuzu Corporation in the 1980s.
Another JX4D24 engine, Jiangling, introduced Ford's light-duty diesel engine. The main features of this model are: The power up to 43kW/L, the maximum power 103kW, and the different configurations of the maximum power 74kW and 85kW, to meet the market demand for different models; using low emissions four-valve, DOHC camshaft, Cylinder with skirt structure, EGR cycle and cooling system, VGT supercharged intercooling technology, fuel common rail system and other advanced emission control technology, to meet the national IV emission standards; low fuel consumption, full load minimum fuel consumption rate of less than 210g/kWh Low-speed torque is good, when the speed is 1600 ~ 2200rpm, torque reaches 285 ~ 375Nm, excellent acceleration and climbing performance, ultra-low noise.
On March 26, 2008, Beijing Foton Cummins Engine Co., Ltd. started construction. The main products are two new light diesel engines developed by Cummins for the joint venture company. These two engines are Cummins’s first in the world, with emissions reaching the National IV and National 5 standards and the potential to upgrade to the National Sixth Standard. The estimated annual production capacity is 400,000 units. Cummins has recently started two major actions in the light diesel sector: one is a 4.2-liter and 5.6-liter diesel engine project with Chrysler, and the other is an annual production of 400,000 2.8-liter and 3.8-liter ISF series diesel engines in cooperation with Beiqi Foton. The former is scheduled to be put into production in Indiana, USA before 2010, and the latter was put into production in Beijing in 2009. In 2010, the 2.8-liter and 3.8-liter ISF series diesel engines will be supplied with Beiqi Futian light trucks, light buses, pickup trucks, and SUVs, and will be used as social resources to be sold to other manufacturers. Among them, the upgrading capabilities of the Foton Cummins ISF series engines are developed on the same platform as Euro III, Euro IV, and Euro V. It is planned to begin trial production in 2013 and mass production will begin at the end of 2013.
Dongfeng Light Engine Co., Ltd., a joint venture funded by Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd. and Dongfeng Motor Co., Ltd., was established. Its first light diesel engine ZD30 was also successfully rolled out. The new lightweight powertrain changed and improved the Dongfeng engine's structure, filling Dongfeng's gap in the high-end light-duty diesel engine project. It is of strategic importance to use the Nissan brand light-duty diesel engine to enhance the overall competitiveness of the Dongfeng light commercial vehicle. The overall rigidity and strength of the ZD30 engine with a localization rate of 60% is higher than that of similar domestic products. The power performance is about 10% higher than that of other engines of the same type, and the lowest full-load fuel consumption is 3% lower than that of a domestic 3-liter Euro IV engine of the same type. 5%, emissions reach Euro III and Euro IV standards. At the same time, the miniaturization and lightweight design and the automatic sensing function of the oil level have reduced the driver's maintenance strength and improved the engine's self-protection capability.
JAC achieved breakthroughs in the heavy truck field with Caterpillar and Navistar's heavy-duty vehicle technology and engine technology. And consolidate the status of light and medium cards. Improve the competitiveness of light vehicles and improve the light vehicle industry chain. At the same time, Caterpillar and Navistar also rely on JAC to manufacture and sell their heavy-duty trucks. Their MaxxForce series engines have become suppliers of JAC Gehl Heavy-duty trucks and light-duty trucks, and they have become nearly 200,000 units of JAC. Card, passenger car chassis important engine supplier, and extend to other manufacturers.
Caterpillar, the world's largest construction machinery manufacturer, and Navistar, a commercial vehicle and engine manufacturer in North America, set up a 50:50 joint venture with JAC, Caterpillar and Navistar. Mainly in the form of cash plus technology shares. The cooperation is mainly concentrated in the medium and heavy trucks and engines. Navistar's "IWC; engine series includes 7-liter, 9-liter, 10-liter, 11-liter, and 13-liter, capable of adopting the EGR (exhaust gas recirculation) + DPF (particle trap) technology route to meet US EPA 2010 emission standards, Equivalent to Euro VI.
The upcoming Jianghuai Automobile N721 light truck is equipped with the HFC4DD series of top power products jointly built by JAC and Navistar, the world's largest engine manufacturer, with a maximum power of 115kw and a power up to 32kw/L. Torque is 550 N·m. Compared with engines of the same displacement, not only the power is stronger, but also the peak torque comes earlier and the corresponding acceleration performance is better. It is matched with the 6-speed manual transmission provided by Eaton, an internationally renowned transmission brand. The power smoothness and shifting reliability all surpass the requirements of the current rapid transportation. Energy-saving and low carbon is also a concept that has been implemented throughout the N721 R&D process. High-pressure common-rail injection technology and exhaust gas particle capture technology (DPF) reduce pollutant emissions, exceed national standards, meet the FUP regulations and European ECE-R93 regulations, and can meet the European V standards.
Zhengzhou Nissan Capstone is a light truck product synchronized with the international market. The biggest advantage is philosophy and technology. NISSAN's latest ZD30DDTi high pressure common rail diesel engine is adopted and matched with ZF transmission system. The Nissan ZD30D14-3N's Nissan engine has a maximum output of 3,600 rpm and has reached 140 hp. This exceeds the 130-horsepower version of the Taiwanese version. The engine's maximum torque at 296 rpm is 296 N/m, making it the largest domestic light-duty truck ever produced. The maximum speed of the vehicle is 120Km/h. In order to reduce the emission of harmful gases, the engine has also adopted the EGR system, so that the vehicle emissions meet the European emission standards.
It is not difficult to see from the development trend of the above-mentioned light truck technology and market demand that the power system of domestic light truck products is currently developing towards high performance, energy saving, low carbon, and environmental protection, and the market demand is also developing toward the high end.
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