(1) Overview
Changhua lead zinc mine located in Changjiang County, Guangdong Province.
The mine was opened in 1958, and the hand-selected rich mines were exported. In 1965, the design and construction scale was 45 tons/day. Beneficiation plant put into operation in October the same year. In 1969, the 1200×1200 ball mill was added, and the original two-stage open-circuit crushing process was changed to two-stage and one closed-circuit process, so that the production capacity of the concentrator reached 64 tons/day.
The mine is developed for Pingyi, and the mining method is shallow hole mining method. The mine is only more than 50 meters from the concentrator, and the ore is transferred from the artificial cart to the original ore warehouse of the concentrator.
The power supply comes from the Nanfeng-Shilu Guangba Power Network, which is 15 kilometers away from the mining area. It has a 35 kV input and the transformer capacity of the mining area is 750 kVA.
The water used in the ore dressing plant is taken from Xiaoxigou in front of the mining area. The rainfall in this area is relatively small, so the water is relatively tight.
(II) Process 1. Raw ore properties The ore is a medium-low temperature fracture filling deposit, and the ore type is lead-zinc quartz vein type. Metallic minerals galena, sphalerite, followed by the yellow copper ore, pyrite, covellite, bornite like. Non-metallic mineral quartz, barite, calcite, feldspar, diopside, sericite and the like.
The galena and the sphalerite are closely symbiotic, mostly vein-like, unevenly embedded in the quartz vein, and symbiotic with chalcopyrite and pyrite.
The upper part of the ore body is highly oxidized. The lower part is lower. The oxidation of lead is generally around 12%, the highest is up to 30%, and the minerals are lead sulfate, phosphorus arsenide , lead ore and so on. The oxidation rate of zinc is generally about 3%, and the minerals are zinc sulfate, zinc carbonate, zinc silicate, and the like.
The original ore pseudo-specific gravity 2.1; true specific gravity 3.1; hardness f = 9, the surrounding rock is granite , its hardness f = 8 ~ 9.
2. Process The mine is broken in two sections and one closed road. The ore is broken from 120~0 mm to 18~0 mm. Before the coarse crushing, a grid sieve and a fixed circular sieve are installed to improve the coarse crushing capacity. The raw ore is milled to -200 mesh for a period of about 60, and lead and zinc are preferentially floated. After the lead and zinc concentrates are dehydrated by the sedimentation tank, they are dried and bagged for export. The process flow and technical conditions are shown in Figure 1 below.
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The mine is located near the Changhua fishing port. In order to eliminate the harm of tailings water to the fishery, the concentrator has been using sodium sulfite as an inhibitor of sphalerite (a comparative test without using cyanide on site). The source of the medicament is wide, which is convenient for self-made minerals and does not cause pollution.
Since the mine was put into production, it has been dominated by mining rich ore. At present, the rich ore resources are reduced, and the grade of the ore source is reduced. In order to improve the selected grade, the ore dressing plant has tested the heavy medium vortex sorter and obtained better sorting effect. The heavy medium part is under construction and will be put into production soon. The test situation is as follows:
1) The ore particle size is -30+2 mm;
2) Separation medium and sorting conditions: the weighting agent is self-produced pyrite in the concentrator, the specific gravity is 4.5, the fineness -200 mesh accounts for 45%; the specific gravity of the selected medium is 2.2~2.3, and the specific gravity is 2.8 or so. For about 1:10, the constant pressure difference of the ore is 6.5 meters;
3) Eddy current sorter specifications, see the table below.
4) The test procedure of the heavy medium vortex separator is shown in Figure 2 below.
The test results show that in the case of discarding 41-47% of waste rock, the lead recovery rate can reach 93~95%, the zinc recovery rate can reach 92~95%, and the discarded lead stone contains less lead than the flotation tailings grade, including Zinc is close to or slightly above the flotation tailings grade.
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