The press day for the 76th International Geneva Motor Show (public open day: March 2-12, 2006), which began on February 28, has already begun. In my last week's newsletter, I made a guess as to the safety technology of the Lexus "LS460", and this time I was concerned about the appearance of a new generation of direct injection engines. In recent years, hybrid vehicles and diesel vehicles have drawn a lot of attention in the field of technology for reducing the fuel cost of automobiles. In Europe in particular, it is generally believed that diesel vehicles can significantly reduce fuel consumption. Following the growing popularity of diesel vehicles, nearly a year in Europe and the United States manufacturers have announced to enter Japan's first step in the field of hybrid vehicles. However, it is generally believed that gasoline vehicles can only improve fuel efficiency by means of hybrid power. Now, two companies have launched the "Spray Guided Direct Injection" engine called the 3rd generation direct injection gasoline engine. Prior to this site has reported the new BMW and DaimlerChrysler engine, both engines are using Spray Guided direct injection. To summarize briefly the history of direct injection engines: (1) a lean-burn engine that stratifies the fuel by using an air flow called the Wall Guided direct injection, (2) operates with a theoretical mixing ratio called Stoicheiometric direct injection Engine, (3) a lean-burn engine that stratifies the fuel by using a fuel spray called a Spray Guided direct injection. The biggest advantage of Spray Guided direct injection versus stoicheiometric direct injection with a theoretical mixture ratio is the reduced fuel cost. However, in order to sufficiently stratify the fuel, a control force of fine injection amount, high pressure, and multiple fuel injection are required. As a result, both companies use piezo injectors on diesel engines. Compared with the solenoid-type injection valve, piezoelectric injection valve has the sensitivity to reflect the advantages of high control freedom, the disadvantage is the higher cost. If it is a large diesel truck with a cost of tens of millions of yen, the cost of the engine may be reduced. It can be said precisely because the Mercedes-Benz 4-door Sedan "CL350" is a limousine, DaimlerChrysler can only use piezoelectric Injection valve. Passenger car petrol engines were originally built to reduce costs. Car manufacturers are very clear: the use of direct injection engine, it will lead to increased costs. Moreover, the lean burn engine requires N0x catalyst is also a very expensive catalyst, which is one of the threshold. Therefore, it can not be asserted now that the piezoelectric injection valve will surely be applied to all models in the future. Unless the use of solenoid type can achieve the same spray performance and piezoelectric injection valve. In spite of this, although the new direct injection engine is different in the way of spontaneous combustion and spark ignition combustion, the shapes of the injection valve and the combustion chamber are getting closer to the diesel engine. Injection pressure of 20MPa (200 standard atmospheric pressure), up to several times the early direct injection engine. If the petrol engine can achieve the same improvement as a diesel engine, I think it would not be far off to replace a solenoid with a piezo jet.
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