Foreword
Laser processing technology is a rapidly developing emerging science and technology. It has gradually entered into various fields of industrial manufacturing in China. Especially in the automotive industry, laser welding/cutting, laser heat treatment, laser marking and other technologies can greatly improve the quality of production. Efficiency, the domestic automotive industry is now accelerating development, providing a broad market for laser technology applications. Laser cutting technology is to use laser energy to directly focus on the surface of the cutting part to generate enough temperature to melt or even vaporize the material to be cut, and then blow gas to assist the material separation. Compared with traditional plate processing methods, laser cutting has the following advantages: high cutting quality, narrow incision (0.1 to 1.0), no burrs, small deformation, high cutting efficiency, non-contact cutting, and tight cutting arrangement. Saves 20% to 30% of material, and once formed; Cutting speed, cutting 2mm thick low-carbon steel plate with 2kW CO2 laser cutting machine, its speed can reach 10m/min; high flexibility, can cut any shape, size Plates are particularly suitable for the cutting of multi-species and small-batch plates. They can be widely used to cut a wide range of metals and non-metals. Currently, they are also used in three-dimensional surface processing.
The laser processing industry has a considerable scale in foreign countries, and cutting and processing accounts for 60% of the entire industry. It has become a standard processing technology. There are several cutting machine manufacturers in the country producing various cutting machines, because the cutting machine is still in the country. In the initial stage, there are more and more process data and various materials related to laser cutting, but how to effectively use and manage these process data and parameters is an application subject in the current domestic laser processing field. Based on the production of laser cutting machines, this paper proposes to establish a database system of laser processing technology to establish a perfect CAPP system for laser cutting and to lay the foundation for the future establishment of intelligent laser processing CAPP system.
1 overall system design
Through the design and research of the cutting machine's process system, the system adopts a modular design and is divided into a main module, a system management module, a standard process module, a standard process library management module, a process preparation module, and a process management module. The structure is shown in Figure 1. The system uses the VC++6.0 development platform and MSSQLserver2000 as the database management system. According to the process design requirements, the system is divided into system management information and process management information. The system database, standard process library, and process database are established separately. In actual use, the user can modify and update the database through corresponding modules as needed. Open-ended, smart selection modules can be added as needed. The man-machine exchange interface is designed in accordance with the Windows style, in line with the designer's habits.
2 system implementation
2.1 Main module design
The main module mainly displays the main operation surface of the system, adopts the multiple document interface provided by VC++60, provides toolbars and menus, etc., and can display multiple forms at the same time. After the user enters, each submodule can be conveniently accessed. Multitasking, open multiple windows at the same time.
2.2 System Management Module
Under the module, there are 3 modules: user authority management, database management and information communication interface.
(1) User rights management. In order to ensure the security of enterprise process data, the user's authority is generally divided. The system administrators, project managers, and general users are set in three levels. System administrators enjoy the highest authority and can increase or decrease users, assign and modify user rights. Operate all data and functions, project managers can operate on some database functions, and ordinary users can only browse to obtain data.
(2) database management. To maintain and manage the database system, you can add, delete, and modify the database, complete the import and export of data, and regularly back up the database.
(3) Information communication interface. This module is a data interface between the system and other applications. It can read the contents of Word, Excel spreadsheets into the database through a dedicated interface, and can also extract CAD related information to extract the original data for the formulation process.
2.3 Standard Process Library Management Module
The standard process library module provides some basic parameters for laser processing. Standard process parameters can be entered, and system administrators and project managers can modify and delete parameters. With the continuous filling of database contents, the process cutting parameters in the system database will increase substantially, and the database capacity will increase, providing a standard process for domestic laser cutting processing.
(1) Laser cutting method. There are laser melting cutting, laser flame cutting, laser vaporization cutting, and different materials are applied according to different cutting mechanisms. For example, the flame cutting speed is faster than melt cutting, but the cutting surface incision is inferior to the melting cutting due to the influence of temperature, and is suitable for large quantities of structural steels that require less cutting surface.
(2) Processing parameters. This part is the key parameter of processing, which includes material parameters, laser parameters, process gas parameters and axis motion parameters. It is the core data in the entire process library. This part of the data on the one hand comes from the composition requirements of the cutting machine equipment itself, and the other is to conduct a large number of process parameter tests to obtain the data. In important material parameters, the database establishes a table of cutting process parameters including sheet metal and non-metal sheet. The material's process parameters are set at the interface shown in Figure 2. The laser cutter data graphic shows that 2mm carbon steel was selected. The laser parameters, process gas parameters, and axis motion parameters were selected according to the material parameters.
(3) Common processing methods. Standard laser processing methods are available for common processing, such as perforation, start and end cuts of carbon steel, and corner machining. The database provides laser modes, cutting methods, and cutting parameters for processing.
(4) Process parameter detection. This section specifically addresses the possibility of problems associated with processing results when the processing results are not ideal. The operator can enter relevant questions and query the cause of the problem. This feature can be extended to become an intelligent service system.
2.4 Process Preparation Module
This module is mainly the preparation, modification and deletion of the process. The laser processing crafting card provided by the module is a template method. The template is called at the time of preparation, and then the related technological content is filled in. The related data can also be filled in from the database to form a standard process. The system administrator can use the process modification function to propose a process card, modify the contents of the process card, and save it. You can also delete an established process card. Users can use the standard process to make a blueprint, and then modify to achieve their own needs of the process, save a new process.
2.5 Process Management Module
After the process is completed, a series of audit and approval procedures are usually required. The module provides the process auditing function. According to the company's processing process auditing regulations, the system administrator completes the auditing and approval functions of the prepared process, and the prepared process is input into the system process database. The module also provides process inquiries, statistical summary and output functions. The user can query the prepared process card, and can obtain different statistical information through selection, and the output function can be compiled into a process card.
3 Summary
The designed database system is a CAPP system based on laser cutting processing, which can provide complete cutting processing characteristics and data for laser processing, and provide mature laser processing parameters for the large-scale use of laser technology in the future, while being intelligent. CAPP provides the original process foundation.
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