Coalbeds are a product of plant genesis and are associated with life activities of ancient plants. The original organic matter of coal is divided into saprolite and humus. Therefore, Ivanov divides the genesis of coal into two categories, one is humic coal, which is divided into two grades, namely humic coal and residual coal. . Another category is saprolite, which is also divided into two grades, namely humus peat and pure peat. In the genetic classification of the coal, the types of the original materials of the two types of coal, the plant residues retained in the coal, the sedimentary and accumulated water environment, and the transformation process are also listed. This kind of coal mine classification said that the understanding of coal-forming material categories, material sources and their related characteristics is important and has guiding significance for practice. At the same time, it is also important to study the genetic types of coal mines from coal-bearing construction, tectonic basins and related metamorphisms. Shang Guanxiong (1998) proposed sedimentary characteristics types—offshore, inland and coal basin structure types. The type of coal deposits in China is divided. Wherein there are four types of coal basins in offshore structure type (alternating sea coal-based), including North Carboniferous, Permian Yangtze Permian southeast Permian, Triassic, rivers and Taiwan Cretaceous Muling Late Tertiary (New Nearest) and other typical coal fields and similar coal fields; there are also four coal basin tectonic types in the inland type, including the Sichuan Triassic, Junggar, Tuha, Ordos Jurassic, Northeastern and Inner Mongolia Eastern Cretaceous The typical coal fields and similar coal fields in the Early Tertiary (Paleo) and Zhaotong Late Tertiary (New Near) in the Fumi fault zone are useful for studying the industrial classification of coal in China. It is also beneficial for research and exploration in this area.
On the basis of the classification of coal genesis, in order to guide the exploration of coal mines and the effective use of coal, according to the newly issued standards of the country, mainly based on the dry ash-free basis of coal, the viscosity index, the maximum thickness of the colloidal layer, the expansion of the Austrian subsoil and The coal transmittance in the natural world is divided into 14 industrial classifications (Table 1-3-3).
Table 1-3-3 Main industrial classification of coal meters in China
Use and geographical distribution of each type of coal listed in Table 1-3-3:
(1) High metamorphic coal is anthracite and lean coal listed in the table. In addition to the civil power and can be used for fuel, but a lack of lean coal in the region, the lean coal coking coal blending can also act as the agent using thin; no Hata good quality coal gasification can be used as raw material, iron ore and blast furnace injection Sintered fuel and the manufacture of calcium carbide, electrodes and carbon materials.
Anthracite and lean coal are concentrated in the southeastern part of China and the central part of Guizhou Province, accounting for 75% of the country's high metamorphic coal reserves. Central and southwestern China and southeastern China are also widely distributed. Among them, 100% of Fujian Province is high metamorphic coal, Hunan The high metamorphic coal in Hubei, Guangdong and Sichuan accounts for about 70% of the province's coal resources, and Beijing accounts for about 97%. Due to the small amount of coal resources in these provinces (cities), high metamorphic coal accounts for a small proportion of the country.
(2) Medium metamorphic bituminous coal includes 7 kinds of lean coal, lean coal, coking coal, 1/3 coking coal, fat coal, gas fat coal and gas coal. The main use is coal blending coking, or used as power fuel, gas production, production. Nitrogen fertilizer and a small amount of coal can also be used for refining.
The medium metamorphic bituminous coal is mainly distributed in 10 provinces (autonomous regions) such as Shanxi, Anhui, Shandong, Guizhou, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Xinjiang, Henan, Inner Mongolia and Shaanxi, accounting for more than 80% of the national metamorphic coal resource reserves, especially Shanxi Province. The resources are abundant, and the quality is good, the variety is all, and all kinds of coals occupy a considerable proportion. Other provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions, except Fujian, Taiwan, Hainan, Shanghai, Hong Kong and Macao, all have their existence, but the quantity and quality vary greatly.
(3) Low-metamorphic bituminous coal includes 4 kinds of 1/2 medium cohesive coal, weakly cohesive coal, non-coked coal and long flame coal. Long flame coal and weak coking coal are the main coal sources for coal refining, and 1/2 medium coking coal is the raw material for coking coal. At the same time, it can be used as coal for gasification and power fuel.
Low-metamorphic bituminous coal is mainly distributed in the northwestern and northern China provinces (autonomous regions), accounting for more than 95% of the country's low-grade metamorphic coal reserves. There is a small amount of distribution in the northeast region, and the rest are only scattered.
(4) Lignite is the coal with the lowest degree of coalification. It is often used as a raw material for fuel, gasification or low-temperature dry distillation. It can also be used to extract montan wax, humic acid, and to produce sulfurized coal or activated carbon. Lignite is concentrated in eastern Inner Mongolia, the central and western Yunnan and the eastern Longjiang River, accounting for more than 90% of the national lignite resource reserves, and other provinces (autonomous regions) also have a small amount and scattered distribution.
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