Micro-chemical technology combines the advantages of process fortification and miniaturization, and with features such as excellent heat and mass transfer performance, good safety, easy process control, and direct amplification, the safety and productivity of the process can be significantly improved, and experiments can be quickly advanced. The practicalization of room results. Because of this, micro-chemical technology has attracted the attention of the academic community and industry, and is considered to be a revolutionary technology of the chemical industry in the 21st century.
Reactors, separators and other chemical equipment are the hardware basis of the chemical production process and are closely related to the safety, energy consumption and efficiency of the entire process. In general, the current development trend of international chemical equipment has been polarized, namely, large-scale and small-scale.
Large-scale equipment is mainly used for large chemical processes such as petrochemical or coal chemical industry. At present, China's high-performance large-scale chemical equipment is still mainly dependent on imports, and its R&D and production autonomy has received attention from all walks of life. However, in addition to large-scale chemical companies, there are tens of thousands of small and medium-sized chemical companies in China. The miniaturized equipment and micro-chemical technologies applicable to these small and medium-sized chemical companies should also be vigorously developed.
Due to scarcity of talents and insufficient funding, China's small and medium-sized chemical companies generally suffer from problems such as backward chemical process technology and equipment, resulting in low process efficiency, high energy consumption, heavy pollution, and poor product quality. In particular, there are many problems in the new equipment, new process design amplification, and process control. The safety of the chemical production process is also poor, and it is difficult to adapt to the needs of sustainable development. Whether or not these problems can be effectively solved has become the key to the new industrialization and leap-forward development of China's chemical industry, especially small and medium-sized chemical enterprises.
Currently, companies such as Bayer, BASF, Longsha, Switzerland, and Corning of the United States have successively established departments specializing in micro-chemical technology to develop and promote their micro-chemical equipment products. Some domestic scientific research institutions have also made important progress in micro-reaction technology. For example, the microchannel reaction technology developed by DAL has achieved industrial production of 80,000 tons/year ammonium dihydrogen phosphate production, 5000 tons/year magnesium hydroxide flame retardant pilot and 10,000 tons petroleum sulfonate production. Run the test. Tsinghua University's Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering at the United Nations has successfully developed a 10,000-ton membrane-dispersed micro-structure reactor to produce monodispersed nano-calcium carbonate and a 150,000-ton/year wet-process phosphoric acid purification plant. These fully prove the feasibility and superiority of micro-chemical technology in industrial scale application.
In the “13th Five-Year Plan†period, the chemical industry should pay more attention to improving process efficiency, achieving energy-saving, emission-reduction, greenization, and safe production, and should accelerate breakthroughs in equipment miniaturization and micro-chemical technology.
In the field of separation, priority can be given to two aspects: first, the design of internal components and separation packings for distillation equipment with novel and efficient separation efficiency; and second, the development of new membrane separation materials with high permeability and high selectivity. In the field of reactors, priority will be given to the development and application of new high-efficiency reaction devices such as micro-reactors and hypergravity. For microreactors, application demonstration studies can be focused on the field of fine chemicals, such as the upgrading of traditional chemical technologies (including the development of new reaction processes that are difficult to achieve with conventional reaction equipment), focusing on sulfonation, nitrification, chlorination, and oxidation. , Peroxidation, amidation, rearrangement and other typical strong exothermic and inflammable and explosive gas-liquid and liquid-liquid reaction processes, and controllable preparation of nanomaterials.
During the “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†period, we need to strengthen our efforts to overcome micro-reaction technology difficulties, including the structural optimization design of micro-reaction systems and advanced manufacturing technologies, system intelligent control technologies, and micro-reactor anti-corrosion and anti-clogging technologies. Therefore, basic and applied basic research on micro-chemical engineering and technology needs to be strengthened to solve the key common scientific issues in micro-chemical engineering and technology. At the national level, more efforts should be made to promote micro-reaction technology to enterprises, as well as other advanced chemical technologies that can achieve chemical process enhancement, process safety, and energy conservation and emission reduction.
The successful development and application of micro-chemical technology will have a major impact on the entire chemical and chemical industry. In the "13th Five-Year Plan" period, micro-reaction technology is expected to be widely applied in the fields of fine chemicals, nano-materials, and new processes based on micro-reaction technology.
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