Ever since biometrics entered the home field, smart door locks have always been a popular application scenario. According to data learned by the Smart Door Lock Research Institute, Chinese consumers purchased about 18.5 million sets of smart door locks in 2019. Smart door locks have become an important category that cannot be ignored in the field of electronic products. According to forecasts, by 2022, China's smart door lock market is expected to exceed 70 billion yuan.
In the current market structure of smart door locks, fingerprint locks account for more than half of the share, and there are solutions such as passwords, remote control, NFC card swiping, and face recognition. What really achieves a good user experience is the fingerprint and face recognition solution. At present, with the widespread popularity of fingerprint locks, the habit of users is a gradual education process. Consumers have become accustomed to going out without keys and room cards. 70% of the South Korean housing market adopts the pattern of smart locks. According to the current development rate, it will be realized in major cities in China in a few years.
1. The rapid expansion of the market for security concerns is accompanied by various negative news, such as fingerprint recognition is not safe enough, Tencent's security team cracked the fingerprint; face recognition is easy to be cracked by photos, videos and other news from time to time Seen in the newspapers, there was even a technology company that used masks to crack Alipay and other terminal products, which caused widespread concern and discussion in the industry.
Security and privacy are closely linked. Consumers will definitely consider this factor when they choose to pay for it. Industry standard setters and government authorities are also constantly consulting industry opinions and promulgating regulations to regulate the use of biometric products and Safety requirements.
2. The introduction of face recognition in the field of smart door locks, a pain point in the market, is a trend that has only begun to appear in the past year. The widespread use of punching access control and channel gates makes consumers no longer familiar with face recognition itself, but there are a few The requirements of a different scene make the introduction of face recognition technology more complicated:
1) Sensitive power consumption: According to industry regulations and national standards, battery power supply is indispensable. The external lock cannot be used to power the door lock. This is significantly different from access control and gate products, which restricts the adoption of many technologies. For example, due to excessive power consumption, the display screen cannot be easily integrated into the door lock. Similarly, face recognition products themselves also need relatively large power consumption to support, how to ensure the user experience, and at the same time long-term standby without battery replacement, is a very big challenge.
2) Security and sensitivity: Access control and gate systems belong to the public domain, such as office buildings, high-speed rail stations, customs, etc. Various security measures, such as security measures and camera monitoring, are relatively complete. It is relatively difficult to crack and attack technically. However, the smart door locks for home use belong to the scope of personal privacy. If the threshold for being cracked and attacked is relatively low, it will be difficult to prevent and will cause significant losses, with serious consequences. Adequate security threshold is an important guarantee that products must promise to consumers, which is why the common lock field is no longer using ordinary cameras for identification.
3) Experience sensitivity: Consumers have very high requirements for the experience of using the home environment, and some inconveniences caused by fingerprint locks (such as the fingerprints of the elderly and children are not easy to unlock). Overcoming these deficiencies and providing users with a better experience (such as makeup, glasses, different lighting, and different skin tones) is a real need.
4) Cost sensitive: Smart door locks also belong to the field of consumer electronics, with a huge market volume and many competitors. Manufacturers also have relatively high cost requirements. Fast iterations and downward costs have placed higher requirements on suppliers at all levels.
3. Advantages of 3D face recognition Since Apple introduced FaceID, bringing 3D technology from the field of game interaction to the field of mobile phones, consumers' recognition and experience of face recognition has become more specific. In the news of mask cracking Alipay and other products mentioned in Figure 2, it is also mentioned that Apple's FaceID has not been successful. In multiple public security evaluations, FaceID has obtained a relatively high security level, effectively guaranteeing the user's Privacy and data security.
It is understood that Apple ’s FaceID uses a structured light scheme, with more than 30,000 transmitting dot matrixes and more than 2 million receiving sensor pixels. It can perform very small errors (less than 2 millimeters) on objects scanned within 1 meter. Accurate 3D modeling. The technology adopted by FaceID highly restores the dimensional information of the human face. By comparing the 2D and 3D data separately, the authenticity of the face data is double guaranteed.
2D cracking methods such as photos and videos, as well as ordinary mask attacks cannot pose a threat to 3D face recognition. Many people think that high-precision masks are the weakness of 3D face recognition, but after testing Apple's FaceID can also well resist such high-precision mask attacks. According to Apple's own official introduction, there are more black technologies behind FaceID, such as tracking people's eye movements, observing the reflection of the pupils, analyzing the changes in human facial micro-expressions, and so on.
The continuous upgrading of technology can better guarantee security and protect privacy-these are the goals of other 3D technology manufacturers to learn and catch up.
In addition to the technical means that can be upgraded to ensure safety, it has to be mentioned that high-precision masks require professional scanning equipment to model and print users for a relatively long time, which is not practical in practice.
This high-precision mask can be used to test the effect of 3D face recognition, but because it requires the cooperation of the user, it is essentially the extraction of personal information with the user's knowledge. Imagine: someone asked you for the key to your home door, told you to get a match, and then opened your door, this is not called cracking, this is called robbing.
IV. Market Summary According to the author ’s observation and statistics, smart lock products with integrated 3D face recognition technology have appeared on the market, including binocular stereo vision, TOF flight time, structured light and other technical routes, representing manufacturers ’advantages, cloud Ding, Deschmann, Cadiz, fluorite and other first-line brands, as well as solution manufacturers such as Zhongkong Wisdom, Fuge Technology, and Yike era, Samsung and LG in South Korea have also begun to pay attention to 3D face recognition technology. These major manufacturers in the smart lock industry have deployed new products one after another, leading a new round of technological innovation and product upgrading.
Consumers are paying more and more attention to security, and smart lock manufacturers have been making progress in security. In addition to integrating 3D face recognition technology, they are also equipped with voiceprint authentication, random identification code secondary authentication, and smart cat eye tracking. And other supporting technologies, even conceptual products that have integrated iris recognition into smart access control have appeared.
With the continuous expansion of the market, the opportunities and challenges will also increase day by day-how to provide better experience, higher security products, and how to reduce costs have become problems that 3D manufacturers and smart lock manufacturers need to face and solve together. We are optimistic about the 3D smart lock market in the coming year, and we look forward to more powerful manufacturers joining in to make the market bigger and stronger.
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