A major issue that portable electronics once faced was how to make a small device for easy portability. After technological innovations in the 1970s, miniaturization and portable electronic devices were made possible, and the battery life has since become a new challenge. Chemical batteries can store a lot of energy, but the charge-discharge process is relatively long, and the battery life is limited. The capacitor can be charged quickly, but its stored power is limited because it can not be used in practice. Therefore, a solid state micro-capacitor came into being. The supercapacitor has the capacity of the battery, and can maintain the power for a long time. In the past researchers tried to use metal and polymer hybrid materials to prepare solid micro supercapacitors, but its battery life can not meet the actual needs. Recently, the use of solid state micro-capacitors made of graphene and carbon nanotubes is also poor.
An international research team led by Young Hee Lee has developed a new technology that produces solid state micro-supercapacitors that solve the problems well and have good results. The best inspiration comes from nature when we carry out new, complex designs. The team modified its capacitor film structure to favor ion diffusion to the graphene surface. In order to obtain such a shape and structure, the team complexed the copper hydroxide nanowires with the graphene film. After multi-layer compounding, they obtained the desired thickness and then soaked in an acidic solution to dissolve the nanowires, while the nanotube walls remained. For the purpose of synthesizing solid state micro supercapacitors, first the film is applied to a thin plastic layer and the gold layer is covered. The parts not covered by the gold sheet are eroded away, leaving only the gold covered parts. Gold is then added in the direction perpendicular to the gold tape and filled with a conductive gel, which is then cured and finally stripped.
The team's test results are amazing. In addition to its super-powerful energy density, the film is extremely flexible and has a higher capacitance after first use. Its energy density is 10 times that of current commercial supercapacitors. The solid state miniature supercapacitor electronic characteristics than the current similar lithium battery is almost 5, comparable with the current super capacitor. In the future, consumers prefer solid-state micro-capacitors instead of batteries. While in the light and energy storage has a longer life and faster electronic transmission speed. The team developed a wide range of solid state micro-capacitor applications, including medical equipment, micro-robots and so on. If engineers take advantage of the portability of materials, such solid state micro-supercapacitors can even be used in wearable devices.
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